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GEO-ECONOMIC SPACE AND ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE TERRITORY - Coggle Diagram
GEO-ECONOMIC SPACE AND ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE TERRITORY
Geo-economic space
geography
> is not concerned with individual objects taken in isolation, but with the
relationships
that bind these objects together on the surface of the Earth
objects can be natural but also anthropical (population, railways, motorways, buildings, cultivations, climate)
geographical space
> the set of relationships that bind together objects and subjects located on the Earth's surface
definition: we isolate in this geographical space the relations that concern the economy > how activities locate in space
2 broad types
horizontal relations
(spatial relations)
occur between subjects and thus between the different locations of these subjects
relations of exchange and circulation: goods, people, money, information, services, decisions
circulations of goods > possible thanks to political reasons (i.e. being in UE allows you to easily go to another country of the Union)
vertical relations
(ecological relations)
concerns the relationship of individual economic activities with the characteristics of the places where they're located
trans-scale connection of economy
territory
> whole formed by vertical and horizontal relationships and the objects and subjects that these relationships bind together and to the ground
economic geography
> studies the great variety of types of spatial organization which affect economic activities
territorial organization
overall order that these relations assume in a territory
analyzed considering 3 facts
natural conditions
(almost objective) > the space (i.e. rivers, lakes, mountains)
conditions inherited from the past
> the heritage (material/immaterial: Orio Airport, the language almost objective)
current organization
> what is going on today (subjective)
Economic value of the territory
pre-mercantile and pre-industrial societies
> the value of a land depended mainly on its ability to satisfy local consumption
capitalist society
> land takes on an exchange value, one liked primarily to the lower or higher fertility of the soil, then to location
in this type of economy it is essential to organize the land in such a way as to obtain the highest possible economic return from the land capital
economies and diseconomies
external economies or positive externalities
> these are the advantages that a company obtains thanks to the favourable conditions of its location in the territory
external diseconomies or negative externalities
> these are the disadvantages for companies or inhabitants linked to an unfavourable location in the territory (prices, traffic, pollution)
agglomeration economies
> these are the productivity glairs that companies realize by concentrating in certain areas, because the proximity of several companies can reduce costs
advantages > having an airport, infrastructures
economy of urbanization
technical infrastructure (roads, sewers, waterworks, power lines)
easy exchange of goods, information and services between agglomerated enterprises
presence of public services (or social infrastructures)
parallel development of private services for families