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Behaviorism - Coggle Diagram
Behaviorism
Foundations (Theoreticians)
Learning is based on observable behavior.
Environment influences learning.
Ivan Pavlov – Classical conditioning.
John B. Watson – Founder of behaviorism.
Edward Thorndike – Law of Effect.
B. F. Skinner – Operant conditioning.
Principles for Instructional Design
Learning objectives should be clear and measurable.
Immediate feedback is important.
Tasks should be taught step by step.
Reinforcement promotes learning.
How Does Learning Occur?
Through stimulus–response associations.
Reinforcement and repetition strengthen learning.
Rewards increase desired behaviors.
Factors and Role of Memory
Influenced by practice, feedback, motivation, and environment.
Memory stores learned associations.
Repetition improves retention and recall.
Structure of Instruction and Examples
Structure of Instruction and Examples
Present information in small sequences.
Provide guided practice and reinforcement.
Assess observable behaviors.
Example 1: English – Colors
Students repeat color names and match flashcards.
Correct answers receive praise.
Example 2: Mathematics – Multiplication Tables
Students practice multiplication facts through drills.
Positive reinforcement is used to encourage accuracy.