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Key Physiotherapy techniques - Coggle Diagram
Key Physiotherapy techniques
Exercise therapy
planned physical activities to strengthen muscles, improve flexibility, and restore movement
Involves corrective movement to treat impairments/dysfunctional mechanics, restore balance in
muscular and skeletal function
different from exercises taught by personal trainers in gym or fitness instructors
Most commonly included exercises fall into 4 groups
Strengthening
Graded exercises involving resistance training
High or moderate in intensity
Flexibility exercise
Slowed, controlled exercises performed gradually (usually in the increment of fifteen to thirty seconds)
aid in the range of motion at joints or series of joints
Endurance exercise
engage large muscle groups over a longer period of time to achieve greater cardiovascular
endurance
Balance and coordination
Optimal control of balance in an upright stance is an essential requirement for sport, daily activities, and prevention
of injury
common components of prophylactic and therapeutic intervention programs
E.g., impaired postural control is associated with an increased risk of ankle sprain
can be used in combination to personalise exercise programmes that work for different types of
patients
Manual therapy
Hands-on techniques by therapists to mobilize joints and manipulate soft tissues for pain relief and
improved movement
Joint mobilisation
gentle, controlled movements to improve joint flexibility and reduce stiffness
Especially helpful for patients with restricted movement
relieve pain and restore normal movement patterns
Soft tissue manipulation
Massage and target pressure
can break down scar tissue, improve circulation, and reduce discomfort
used for muscle strains, chronic tightness, or after injuries where soft tissues are affected
Electrotherapy
Electroacupuncture
used for chronic pain and certain neurological conditions, blending Eastern and Western
approaches
combines traditional acupuncture with mild electrical stimulation applied through needles
Electrotherapy, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), uses electrical currents to relieve pain
and support tissue healing
mild electrical currents delivered through the skin to reduce pain signals
Non-invasive and can be used in both clinical and home settings
Ultrasound therapy applies sound waves to injured areas, reducing inflammation and promoting faster recovery
high-frequency sound waves sent into tissues to promote healing, reduce swelling, and
increase blood flow
especially helpful for tendon or ligament injuries
often used for soft tissue injuries and inflammation
Rehabilitation Programme
A structured, individualized plan combining different techniques to help patients achieve recovery goals
Ongoing assessment and adjustment are key to helping patients achieve the best possible outcomes
individualized approach ensures that every aspect of care, from exercises to technology, is tailored for
maximum effectiveness
Assessment: Identify patient needs and goals
Determine patient’s condition, limitations, and personal goals
Sets the foundation for a successful program
2.Technique selection
Based on the assessment, Choose exercises, manual therapy, and technology as needed
3.Programme design:
chosen techniques are organized into a structured plan, with careful attention to the order and timing of each
intervention to maximize recovery and minimize setbacks
4.Patient education
Patients are educated on how to perform exercises safely, manage symptoms, and prevent further injury
5.Progress review
Regular reviews allow the physiotherapist to monitor progress, make necessary adjustments, and ensure the
program continues to meet the patient’s evolving needs