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ETHICAL EGOISM - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Striner argues that in the midst of us all pursuing our self interests a 'union of egoisits' can still occur whereby each inidvidual cooperates with others out of mutual self interest ; helping one another to acheive their personal goals
- - - - Argues that at times people 'simply act for the sake of others'
      - e.g. mother and a child
      - specifically uses the example of a man jumping onto train tracks for someone who has fallen
        Highlights impulsive moral actions which are also not necesserily always acted out of self interest // motivation can be entirely external
    - - DCT argues that moral actions are good simply because God has commanded them - religious believers are required to follow these regardless of self interests
        // Jesus often talks about about how beleievers must pick up their corsses daily ; Apostle Paul emphasises how we ought to be living sacrifices to God casting aside our fleshly desires
      - e.g. Abraham and the sacrifice of his son
      - Critics like Max Stirner would argue that such rleigious actions are still motivated by self interest for example fear of hell - the Bible speifically describes Hell as a place with weeping and nashing of teeth ; whereby humans are seprated from Gods grace for eternity
        Similarly scriptures highlight that there are banquets and rewards in heaven for beleivers acitng as a clear motivator for moral behaior
  - - - Altruism as an illusion
      - Even when someone seems to act morally (such as giving to charity) they are doing so to make themselves feel good, alleviate personal guilt or to acheive a positive reputation
      - Thomas Hobbes amously argued 'all volunatry acts are driven by the agents own pleasure'
    - - Ayn Rand argues that is actually completley rational and moral to pursue ones own pleasure
    - - argues that there are always external factors that influence our actions (spooks)
      - both sides are wrong : it isnt about whether moral actions are influnced by self interst or altrusism - both are wrong
        Moral Actions should be influenced by the true self interest which occurs when we acheive owness (eigenheit) meaning we can become our own masters, accepting our uniqness (einzig)