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Macedonian Tombs, image, image, image, image, image, image, image, pebble…
Macedonian Tombs
Tomb of the Judgement
heroisation and status through temple facade, makes the tomb into a heroon
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mystery cults and orphism - use of gold foil wreaths, masks and mouthplates (in a female tomb in Agios Athanasios) were found
mouthplates may reflect symbolic muteness, required by mystery cults
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dionysias iconography - deveni krater - often combined with rosette motif linking dionysiac to rebirth
beliefs on transition
hermes psychopompus on tomb of persephone indicated by his hat. believed they would be guided to the underworld by him (Iliad, book 24, Hermes protects Priam)
on judgement, depiction of three fates or judges (Tomb of Persephone), a moral evaluation of the deceased
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Tomb I - of Persephone
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abduction of Persephone by Hades in the presence of her friends, and a Hermes psychopompus, denoted by his hat
fresco - done while the plaster is still wet, and has to be completed quickly before the plaster dries
Hermes leads a chariot in three-quarter view, in big dramatic movement
very sketchy style, some big splashes of colour, strong divisions between darker and lighter hues
iconographic schema:
we see abduction scenes continuing in Pella - Theseus abducting Helen in late 4th century in a mosaic
Tomb II - Philip?
architectural facade, with columns and doric frieze
shows a colourful hunting scene on the facade, demonstrating the importance of this activity for the aristocracy
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furniture:
the couches from tomb II have hunting motifs, battles, and some dionysiac elements
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Tomb at Agios Athanasios
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betwixt the door, two guardians of the tomb - friends of the deceased. in three quarter view with full macedonian dress and sarissa
shields are above them as if hanging - one is a medusa head, the other a thunderbolt (linking to Zeus)
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frieze
dark background, egyptian blue pigment used
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elaborate furniture - polychrome bedspreads, vessels of silver or bronze or gold
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pebble mosaic, c. 300 BC, from House of the Rape of Helen, Pella
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pebble mosaic from late 4th century, from House of Dionysus, Pella
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archaic looking - strong black outlines, profile views
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klinai from the Potidaia Tomb, c. 300 BC, painted marble
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the painted decoration evokes wooden furniture, akin to how the painted facades of Macedonian tombs evoke architectural elements
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