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Personality: Enduring patterns of behaviour - Coggle Diagram
Personality: Enduring patterns of behaviour
Psychodynamic ( Freud)
Four key ideas behind his works. There is a internal structure of personality made of 3 parts:
Id ( primitive desire)
Superego ( inernalised moraility)
Ego (mediator)
psychic determinism ( no accidents)
Presented the psychosexual stages to explain how to much or too little gratification in childhood, manifests as issues later in life and fixes someone in a certain character
Oral: Stems from issues with breast or bottle feeding. Leads to smoking, eating or talking issues
Genitals: Mature sexual relationships from navigation of earlier stages without issue
Phallic: stems from Oedipus and Electra complexes. results in vainity/recklessness
Latency: Supressed sexual energy, leades to focus on friendships and hobbies.
Anal: stems form toilet training, leads to Obsessive nature or extreme disorganisation
Behavioral and social learning
Behaviourists (Watson and Skinner) perosnality is just from learning.
Humanistic ( Rogers, Maslow). Optimistic, emphasizing free will
actualizing tendency: Inner drive to become your fullest self.
Internal conflict stems from disparity between Ideal Self (internalised conditions of worth) and your Real Self. Result in depression. A person can achieve self actualization through these can be fixed through three pillars:
empathic understanding
Unconditoanl positive refard
Congruence
Criticicised for circular reasoning etc.
Trait Theory
Peoples perosnality is made up of a small set of measurable building blocks called traits.
There where thousands of potential traits. Allport and Odbert had 4'500. This was consendesed down.
Most often replicated trait model is OCEAN also called the big five
Openness: creativity curiosity
Conscientioussness: Self discipline, organization
Agreeableness: Compassion, trustworthiness
Neuroticism: Emotional stability and mood swings
Extraversion: Socialbility, energy.