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History migration - Coggle Diagram
History migration
Have economic resource been the main reason for migration to and from Britain? ( 16 + 4 )
Economic factors have been a main reason because of new opportunities such as the establishment of American colonies. The civil war from 1640s-50s caused peak migration for safety whilst also due to a new standard and better life in the colonies. In Britain there was peak unemployment, low wages and bad condition whereas America offered a new start and standards where wealthy investors and companies moved their business. Irish migration had a wave of economic factors pulling them to Britain as season jobs were in Hugh demand. This is such as harvests where they were promised better jobs and availability of land. Another reason for economic factors was the migration for the EIC as many migrated to India to help industrialise and help the trade where they took on high power roles and had larger authority as well as military positions
However religion was also a major factor such as the colonisation of America. Many ouritans wanted freedom of worship which they did not have in Britain. An example of this is the pilgrim fathers arriving on the mayflower which were also separatists who wanted to avoid religious percescution. Other groups migrated to Britain for religious purposes were huganots, ulster plantations and Jewish migration both fleeing persecution. These groups had been prevented from high paying jobs and complete freedom which caused them to migrate and start a new life in Britain.
In conclusion, economic factors have been the main reason for migration. This is because more groups have migrated to and from in all years even recently post ww2 as the windrush ship. These were able men who had a British education and speach and could move to England as it was part of the commonwealth. They looked for economical job opportunities and worked in mostly construction and buildings.
Two ways in which Viking influence and British impact on America were similar ( 8 marks )
One way they were similar is the economic value increase. The vikings attacked coastal villages and monestaries which were poorly defended and easy to raid. This wealth was transported into trade to and from home countries such as Scandinavia which brought wealth back to England. Influence on America profited Britain as they established colonies growing cash crops in North America such as tobacco, coffee and sugar. This encouraged wealthy people to invest in the colonies and hugely brought back wealth through trade.
Another way they were similar was the encouragement of settling and population growth. The vikings settled and created the Danelaw and spoke old Norse which boosted their identity. This lead to an increase in population after settling in towns and naming them ending with ‘Thorpe’. The impact on America increased settling and a population growth however In the new world. This is because established companies migrated to America for business and job opportunities such as the slave trade when Barbados was established in 1625.
What was significant about the hundred years war
The war was significant as it boosted national identity. This is because after the battle of agincourt, soldiers started to refer themselves as either ‘English’ or ‘foreign enemies’. This was significant because it meant that after the war ended the new official language in England was English and not french which created more of a divide between countries and empires. Even though the English had less soldiers, they still showed resistance by using the longbows which increased moral and hope of victory due to the high casualties they caused
the war was also significant because it costed England greatly. This was because of the funding for horses, weapon art and food for soldiers in a long period of time. This meant that with the loss of Aquitaine and Gascony England had limited money so raised the taxes to cover some of the posts and looked westwards for new trade. They also stopped building castles after 1453 to reduce costs further which meant some areas were poorly defended and weakened, increasing chance of invasion
Explain in 2 ways in which colonising North America and expansion in India was similar
One similarity was demand for self govening. This was because the American war of independence was based upon resentment for the British taxes and lack of representation in parliament. This meant there was need for change as the first congress met in 1774 which sparked possibility as they had broken the law passed following the Boston tea party. In India, the rebellion in 1857 showed how people were unhappy with the British rule as sepoys had bad treatment and pay. This showed resentment as the British had to respond with violence to put down the rebellion.
Another similarity was how they both profited from investments. In America, wealthy individuals and companies migrated to the colonies for business opportunities and profited hugely from them. The leave trade was an example in Barbados 1625 which traded cash crops and indentured labourers which brought back huge wealth to the British economy. In India, many migrated to invest in the EIC which brought back huge wealth and was the largest trading company in the 19th century. After the British won the battle of plaster in 1757, they established more control in India resulting in more influence and higher taxes which lead to a higher profit
What ways were Cecil Rhodes and john Hawkins similar
One way they were similar was the expansion to the economy and land. This is because Cecil Rhodes expanded land in Africa and created Rhodesia. This hugely profited Britain and expanded the empire as his diamond mining company in cape colony gave Britain huge wealth in trade. John Hawkins was the first man to involve ships in the slave trade which influenced investors into the trans Atlantic triangle bringing back huge wealth to the economy whilst expanding territory
Another similarity was the controversial legacy they both left. Cecil Rhodes believed in social Darwinism which lead to his thought for control in boer territory leading to the boer war. This was a British ictory that would not if expanded into rohodiesia whiteout him however the brutal violence and Darwinism leaves a negative and racist view. John Hawkins was the father of the slave trade which transported slaves in horrific conditions across the ocean howver did hugely profit Britain.
Explain the significance of Alfred the great
Alfred was significant because he lead the Saxon army at the battle of edington in 878. This was significant because it let Alfred and Viking Guthrie make peace which meant there would be no more invasions and conflicts causing a more peaceful rule. He recognised the Viking danelaw whilsts Guthrie converted to Christianity. he strengthened Saxon rule by building forts and burhs to defend their kingdoms
Alfred also was significant because he untied Wessex Mercia and Kent and recognised as the king of the Anglo Saxons. This strengthened the Saxon rule creating more stability in England by making new laws and education . This was significant because it laid a foundation for his decendants who ruled birtian.