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Hydrometeorological hazards - Coggle Diagram
Hydrometeorological hazards
Drought
Period of abnormally dry weather characterised by prolonged deficiency of precipitation WMO 2020
Meteorological
Agricultural
Socioeconomic
Hydrological
Strongly tied to food insecurity
Long lead up
IDMP forecasts and predicts and aims to set up logistics to avoid food insecurity
Lots of deaths from food insecurity
Flood
Pakistan case study
UN secretary general Guterres Kurtser and Abdullah 2022
UK
Most common hazard
Types of floods
Pluvial rianfall
Damaging in urban areas with impermeable ground
Precipiation intensity modified by CC
Fluvial river
Flood hydrograph
Factors
Rainfall
Evapotransportation/infiltration/storage
Topographic slope
Size/shape of catchment area
Urbanisation
Vegetation
Groundwater
Water infiltrates ground, travels through cavities in ground and exits somewhere else
Tied to non-local precipitation = challenge to management/predicting
Limestone areas with rock conduits
Mallon cove in UK
Coastal
Can also be tied to storm surges
Complicated by natural variations in water level/tides of several meters
Sea level rise up to 2m by 2100
Lots of variables
Exacerbate coastal flooding hazards
Not accounting for mitigation measures
Management
Hard engineering
Soft engineering
Tropical cyclones
High surface pressure
Strong winds
Tropical origin (23 north/south)
Extreme temps
Depends on place
Not one temp that is universally dangerously cold or hot
Mostly come down to excess or deficiency in temperature, rainfall or windspeed
Management strategies
Early warning systems better than seismic but still need work to account for multihazards
Hydrographic, oceanographic or atmospheric origin UNDRR, can also contribute to multihazards e.g volcano
Inequality
Pakistan floods
2022
Lack of international support
CC
2005 Katrina
Maria 2017
Brown et al 2018