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Comparison of Health Systems - Coggle Diagram
Comparison of Health Systems
Definition and Objectives
Health system used here = health care system
Study relationships between:
•expenditure and wealth
•resources and utilization
•expenditure and health outcomes
•financing methods and performance
•Rank systems using performance indicators
Method of Comparison
Principle
•Compare:
•Resources (inputs)
•Results (outputs):
•services delivered
•utilization
•health status
•population satisfaction
•Consider context:
•demographic
•socio-economic
•financing system
Data Sources
•OECD: standardized data for industrialized countries
•WHO: global health data and reports[1]
Key Indicators (OECD)
Health Status Indicators
Life expectancy
•Preventable mortality
•Chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes)
•Self-rated health
Risk Factors
Smoking
•Alcohol consumption
•Obesity
•Air pollution
Access to Care
Coverage rate
•Share of prepaid expenses (insurance)
•Unmet health needs
Quality and Outcomes
Antibiotic use
•Preventable hospitalizations
•Screening (e.g., breast cancer)
•Mortality after treatment (e.g., AMI)
Resources and Capacity
Health expenditure per capita
•Number of doctors and nurses
•Hospital beds
WHO Indicators
Responsiveness
•Respect for dignity
•Confidentiality
•Autonomy
•Timeliness of care
•Quality of environment
•Social support access
•Choice of provider
→ Measured through surveys and scoring
Health System Performance (WHO Approach)
Definition
•Ability to achieve best results with available resources
Three Main Dimensions
Health improvement
2.Responsiveness
3.Equity of financial contribution
Two Evaluation Aspects
Quality (average level)
•e.g., high life expectancy, low mortality
•Equity (distribution)
•fairness between populations
Limitations
Data comparability issues
•Subjectivity in indicators and weights
•Different definitions of equity and efficiency