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Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Human Body - Coggle Diagram
Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Human Body
Oxygen Intake (External Respiration)
Air enters the body through inhalation
Free air contains:
21% oxygen
78% nitrogen
Oxygen moves to the lungs and alveoli
Oxygen pressure decreases during the process:
Free air = 160 mmHg
Airway = 150 mmHg
Alveoli = 100 mmHg
Physiological Factors
Air pressure
Ventilation
Humidification of air
Presence of CO2 in alveoli
Oxygen Transport in Blood
➡ Oxygen travels in two forms
Bound to hemoglobin (largest amount)
Each Hb binds 4 O2 molecules
Dissolved in plasma
➡ Cardiac Transport
Heart pumps oxygenated blood
Depends on:
Heart rate
Stroke volume
Cardiac output
➡ Physiological Factors
Hemoglobin levels
Oxygen saturation (SaO2)
Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)
Oxygen Delivery to Tissues
➡ Oxygen moves from blood to cells
Arteries = 90–95 mmHg
Interstitial space = 40–45 mmHg
Cells = 20–25 mmHg
Mitochondria = 1–10 mmHg
➡ Oxygen used for:
Aerobic metabolism
ATP production
➡ If oxygen is low:
Anaerobic metabolism occurs
Produces lactic acid
Can cause cell death
Carbon Dioxide Transport
Carbon Dioxide Tr
➡ CO2 produced by metabolism
Travels back to lungs
➡ CO2 transport forms
Carbonic ion (largest)
Dissolved CO2
Bound to hemoglobin
➡ CO2 released during exhalation