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CHAPTER 4: VARIABILITY - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 4: VARIABILITY
Variability is how spread out data values are
variability can show how much scores differ from one to another
High variability means data is wide spread
low variability means data is close together
A dataset can have the same mean as another dataset but different variability
All scores would be the same without variability.
outliers can increase variability
large samples provide more reliable estimates of variablity
Variance measures the average squared distance from the mean
variance is a measure of variablity
A larger standard deviation indicates less variablility.
A smaller standard deviation indicates less variablity.
If it is not any variability then correlation cannot be calculated
The normal distribution used standard deviation
variability happens because of differences in humans
Random sampling introduces variability between samples
measurement error can increase the variability.
Researchers use variability to understand the differences in many groups of people.
Range is the highest score minus the lowest score
Range is the easiest measue of variability
Range can be heavily impacted by extreme values
Variability can affects the reliability of research
95% of scores in normal distributions fall within two standard deviations of the mean.
Variability can be shown uses graphs, box plots and histograms
Interquartile range is a measure of variability that focuses on 50% of data