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Topography Associated with Horizontally Layered Rocks - Coggle Diagram
Topography Associated with Horizontally Layered Rocks
Definition
Rocks lie flat in horizontal layers
Hard and soft rocks weather differently
Main Landforms
Mesas
Large flat-topped hills
Steep sides
Protected by hard cap rock
Buttes
Smaller versions of mesas
Conical Hills
Form when cap rock is removed
Plateaus
Large elevated flat areas
Processes
Weathering
Breakdown of rock
Erosion
Removal of softer rock faster
Scarp Retreat
Cliffs move backwards over time
Features
Cap Rock
Hard resistant rock layer
Pediments
Gentle slopes at base of hills
Cliffs and Scarps
Importance
Tourism
Farming in flatter areas
Mining opportunities
South African Examples
Karoo
Great Escarpment
Topography Associated with Horizontally Layered Rocks
Definition
Rocks lie flat in horizontal layers
Hard and soft rocks weather differently
Main Landforms
Mesas
Large flat-topped hills
Steep sides
Protected by hard cap rock
Buttes
Smaller versions of mesas
Conical Hills
Form when cap rock is removed
Plateaus
Large elevated flat areas
Processes
Weathering
Breakdown of rock
Erosion
Removal of softer rock faster
Scarp Retreat
Cliffs move backwards over time
Features
Cap Rock
Hard resistant rock layer
Pediments
Gentle slopes at base of hills
Cliffs and Scarps
Importance
Tourism
Farming in flatter areas
Mining opportunities
South African Examples
Karoo
Great Escarpment