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Topic 3 Theories of the Family- Functionalism - Coggle Diagram
Topic 3 Theories of the Family- Functionalism
Murdock
There are 4 functions of the Family
1) Stable satisfaction of the sex drive with the same partner preventing the social disruption caused by sexual free for all
2) : Reproduction of the next generation without which society cant continue
3) Socialisation of the young into societies shared norms and values
4) Meeting its members economic needs such as food and shelter
Evaluations
Other sociologists argue that these 4 key functions could be performed well other institutions or non nuclear families
Marxists and Feminists reject his rose tinted harmonious consensus view that the family meets societies need and all members of the families needs and they neglect exploitation and conflict
Perspective
Believe society is a system made up of different part or subsystems that depend on each other eg Family
See family as an important sub system and a basic building block of society.
Favour the nuclear family
Parsons
The functions family will perform depend on society in which it is found. He distinguishes between the nuclear family and the extended family
Particular structure and functions of the family will fit the needs of society. The nuclear family fits needs of industrial society and the extended family fits needs of pre industrial society
Move from extended to nuclear family
Geographically mobile workforce: people move to where jobs are. Nuclear family is best suited because its easier to move a smaller family around
Socially mobile workforce: individuals status can be achieved through their own effort. Nuclear families are better equipped to meet needs of industrial society
Loss of functions: When society industrialises the family loses many functions. As a result the nuclear family specialises in 2 functions. Primary socialisation to equip them with basic needs of society and stabilisation of adult personalities meaning they can relax and release tension
Evaluation
Other sociologists have criticised and argued that before the industrial revolution nuclear families still existed