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Medical Respiratory Emergencies - Coggle Diagram
Medical Respiratory Emergencies
Epiglottitis
S/S - high fever, stridor, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, tripod position, dyspnea
Treatment - (BLS) help the patient as much as possible with ABCs, oxygen, position of comfort. (ALS) advanced airway management, IV to start medication
Definitive Care - Airway stabilization, IV antibiotics, intensive care
Pathophysiology - A life threatening inflammatory disease of the epiglottis. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection and can lead to airway obstructions or ultimately respiratory failure.
COPD
Treatment - (BLS) focus on ABCs check and open airway to allow easier breathing, oxygen, and help the pt with prescribed medications if applicable. (ALS) Same interventions as BLS providers, but the are able to use a CPAP machine
Definitive Care - Focus on preventing disease progression, manage symptoms, talking with the patients about future progression (stop smoking)
Pathophysiology - A chronic, progressive, and irreversible lung disease that is usually caused by repeated toxic gas or smoke exposure, such as ciggarettes.
S/S - persistent cough (can be characterized as smoker's cough), SOB during physical activity, chest tightness, swelling in lower extremities
Pneumonia
Pathophysiology - A general term that is referring to an infection in the lungs. This infection is collected in surrounding lung tissue impairing its ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Treatment - (BLS) focus on ABCs, provide oxygen, monitor vitals for signs of worsening. (ALS) may be able to utilize a CPAP to help open lungs, nebulizers for medication
Definitive Care - Hospitals work to eradicate the infection by putting the patient on antibiotics and other medications, or helping the patient prevent the infection from coming back (vaccines and lifestyle changes)
S/S - Cough with mucus buildup, fever, fatigue, shortness of breath, localized wheezing or crackles
Asthma
Pathophysiology - An inflammation of the lungs that comes with excessive mucus production and swelling of the bronchioles. Bronchioles spasm, mucus plug forms, and the bronchiole is partially obstructed.
Treatment - (BLS) focus on ABCs, provide oxygen, and assist patients with their prescribed inhalers. (ALS) can start an IV on severe patients, able to use advanced airway managment if all else fails
Definitive Care - Prescribe patients medication to help subside effects, give ways to manage the condition, find ways to avoid triggers
S/S - wheezing on inspiration/expiration, bronchospasm, SOB, chest tightness