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Human Development Across the Lifespan - Coggle Diagram
Human Development Across the Lifespan
Major Themes in Development
A. Nature vs. Nurture
Genetics (traits, temperament)
Environment (home, culture, education)
Parenting styles
Nutrition & prenatal care
Cultural influences
Interaction of genes + environment
B. Continuity vs. Discontinuity
Continuity (gradual)
Learning over time
Gradual skill building
Steady language growth
Memory & attention improve
Discontinuity (stages)
Piaget’s stages
Sudden milestones
Qualitative thinking changes
C. Stability vs. Change
Personality traits over time
Emotional growth
Life experiences shape behavior
Behavioral change across lifespan
Developmental Stages of the Lifespan
Infancy
Early Childhood ★ (focus)
Childhood
Middle Childhood
Physical Development
Steady growth in height and weight
Improved gross motor skills (sports, running, biking)
Improved fine motor skills (writing, drawing, crafts)
Better coordination and strength
Cognitive Development
Piaget: Concrete Operational Stage (7–11 years)
Conservation
Classification
Reversibility
Logical thinking about concrete events
Increased attention and memory
Growth in academic skills (reading, writing, math)
Expanding knowledge base
Social/Psychosocial Development
Erikson: Industry vs. Inferiority
Develop competence
Success builds confidence
Failure may lead to feelings of inferiority
Importance of friendships
Peer acceptance
Self esteem development
Family influence
Moral Development
Kohlberg: Conventional Morality
Following rules
Desire for approval from others
Understanding fairness
Empathy increases
Better understanding of right and wrong
Add Examples to Existing Theory Branches
Piaget → Concrete Operational Stage
Child understands that water stays the same amount when poured into a different shaped glass (conservation).
Can sort objects by size, color, or category.
Erikson → Industry vs. Inferiority
Child feels proud after earning a good grade.
Child learns a new skill in sports or music and gains confidence.
A simple layout would be:
Middle Childhood→ Physical Development→ Cognitive Development→ Social/Psychosocial Development→ Moral Development
Adolescence
Adulthood
Older Adulthood
Early Childhood Development (Focus Area)
A. Biosocial Development
Steady physical growth
Motor skills improve (gross + fine)
Rapid brain development
Health, nutrition, sleep patterns
Milestones:
Coordination improves
Toilet training
Independence in self-care
B. Cognitive Development
Problem-solving increases
Language expands rapidly
Symbolic thinking
Egocentrism
Piaget: Preoperational Stage
Symbolic play
Imagination
Egocentrism
Difficulty with conservation
C. Psychosocial Development
Emotional regulation
Social interaction increases
Self-concept forms
Erikson:
Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Assert power/control
Leadership attempts
Confidence in decisions
Theories of Development
Piaget (Cognitive)
Stages of thinking
Knowledge construction
Preoperational stage in early childhood
Erikson (Psychosocial)
Social/emotional stages
Independence & initiative
General Perspectives
Learning through experience
Stage-based growth
Bio + environment interaction
Key Early Childhood Milestones
Vocabulary explosion
Better memory & attention
Increased social play
Emotional control improves
Independence & self-help skills