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Sensation - Coggle Diagram
Sensation
Hearing
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Sound waves vibrate the tympanic membrane, which registers sound waves, which leads to auditory hair cells (cilia) converting the waves to electrical signals, which gets processed by the auditory cortex.
Smell and taste
Odorants: Chemicals that the body binds to so you can perceive the odor of something (receptors in the nose)
Tastants: Chemicals in something you consume that your body can bind to in order to perceive the taste of something. (receptors in the mouth/tongue)
Sensation: A static thing, All the same
Vision
Light (stimuli) enters the pupil, is converted into an electrical signal (via rods and cones)
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Rods: Photoreceptors that allow us to see in low-light environment
Cones: Photoreceptors that allow us to see colors and sharper images
(dark to light) Rods to cones, takes time to switch. Same thing in reverse, cones to rod (light to dark)
Binocular disparity: eyes see similar stimuli, but the information they process and output to the brain are different (pen test)
Trichromatic theory: Purposes that the cones in our eyes have a predisposed preference for red, blue, and green
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Perception: varies among individuals, how we perceive something
Reading is an example of how perception can change from person to person. We have expectations of how words and phrases should be ordered, so this expectation influences how we perceive what we read (top-down processing to prioritize speed)
Touch
Skin receptors/Exteroceptors: receptors located close to the skin, help to feel touch, temperature, and other physical sensations
Kinesthetic senses: Muscle and join receptors that allow you to control your body more without needing to actively think about it (muscle memory)
JND: (just noticeable differences) The smallest level of stimulation/change that an individual can detect around 50% of the time
Signal detection: ability to pick up on stimuli
Somatosensation: Ability to sense touch, pain, and temperature
Mechanoreceptors: sensory receptors in the skin that respond to tactile stimuli. They are useful for allowing your brain to understand different stimuli or energy in the form the brain can understand
Vestibular system: Parts of the inner ear involved in balance, allows us to detect where we are in space and to keep us balanced
Nociception: Our ability to sense pain