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W5 Atheroma & Vascular Control of Blood Flow - Coggle Diagram
W5 Atheroma & Vascular Control of Blood Flow
definitions
arteriosclerosis
= thickening and hardening of artery wall
arteriolosclerosis
= thickening and hardening of arteriole wall
small
arteries &
arterioles
hypertensive arteriosclerosis
1. hypertrophy of media 2. fibroelastic thickening of intima 3. elastic lamina reduplication
replacement of wall structures by amorphous hyaline material
artheroma
= fatty substance build up in your arteries over time, artherosclerotic plaque
large
and
medium
arteries
systemic arterial system
coronary arteries
-->
ANGINA
leg arteries
--->
INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION
mesentric arteries
--->
ISCHAEMIC COLITIS
cerebral & vertebral arteries
-->
CEREBRAL ISCHAEMIC EVENTS
atherosclerosis
= arteriosclerosis due to an atheroma
atheroma development
fibrolipid plaque
collagen covers plaque surface media thins with replacement of muscle fibres by collagen
complicated atheroma
- lipids in intima become calcified surface of fibro-lipid plaque ulcerates thinning of media leads to weakness and inelasticity
lipid plaque
some lipid is released by macrophages "lipid plaques" secrete cytokines stimulate myofibroblasts to secrete collage early damage to elastic lamina and media
fatty streak
lipids are phagocytosed by macrophages in intima to make raised fatty streak
blood lipids LDL enter intima through damaged endothelium
risk factors
1. smoking 2. diet 3. obestity 4. sedentary lifestyle
aneurysm
bulge in artery wall
fusiform
dissecting
saccular