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Kidney - Coggle Diagram
Kidney
Nephrosclerosis
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Malignant nephrosclerosis: rapidly rising blood pressure, acute and very high hypertension - so hyperplastic arterial wall which is trying to save the kidney from malignant hypertension - onion skin, there can be also fibrinoid necrosis.
Diffuse cortical necrosis - this is rare but catastrophic form of acute kidney injury. Characterized by total renal cortex necrosis while saving the medulla. This is due to very sudden and severe reduction of renal perfusion like Hypotensive shock or severe DIC
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Nephrosclerosis - sclerosis of renal arterioles and small arteries - strongly linked to hypertension
Pathogenesis: medial, intimal thickening of vessel in response to hemodynamic stress. Hyalinization of arterial vessel due to endothelial damage so protein leaks there
As a consequence of nephrosclerosis - narrowed vessel lumen - parenchymal ischemia - glomerulosclerosis - tubulointerstitial injury - reduced kidney function - chronic kidney disease
Glomerulonephritis
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Nephrosis Syndrome:MMFM
Minimal change nephropathy: most common cause of pediatric nephrosis syndrome, effacement of podocyte process - due to upper respiratory infections. Foamy urine, generalized edema
Membranous glomerulonephritis: Autoimmune disease, circulating antibodies against podocytes antigen (phospholipase A2 receptor) - subepithelial deposition so minimal inflammation
Focal segmental glomerulonephritis: some glomeruli - segments, pathogenesis is idiopathic with poor prognosis, - so glomerular segment shows obliterated capillary, increased mesengial EC matrix - focal scar - this is progressive disease
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis: this is not a single disease but pattern of injury: tram track appearance, so there is immune deposition subendothelially which triggers inflammation - proliferation (hypercellularity) - remodeling of GBM - so duplicated GBM
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