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Ancient Rome - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Rome
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Ancient Roman government
The Senate: Composed of elite aristocrats (patricians), it acted as a permanent advisory body, directing foreign and financial policy. While not technically law-makers, its influence was immense.
Consuls: Two consuls were elected annually to serve as head executives, commanding the military and presiding over the Senate. Each held power over the other.
Magistrates: Elected officials who ran the government, including Praetors (judicial), Aediles (public works), and Quaestors (finance).
Assemblies: These included the Comitia Centuriata (elected officials, made laws) and Concilium Plebis (the Council of the Plebs), where citizens voted on laws and elected officials.
Conflict of the Orders: Plebeians (common citizens) fought for over 200 years to gain political rights, resulting in the creation of the Tribunes, who had the power to command actions by the Senate or magistrates.
Dictator: In emergencies, a dictator could be appointed for a maximum of six months, holding absolute authority (e.g., Cincinnatus).
Roman army
Legion: The main unit, totaling about 5,000–5,120 legionaries.
Cohort: A subdivision, with 10 cohorts making up a legion.
Century: Led by a centurion, composed of 80 soldiers (plus 20 supporting staff).
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Economy in ancient Rome
Agriculture & Land Ownership: The backbone of the economy, producing staples like grain, olive oil, and wine. Wealth was concentrated in the hands of a few elites who owned vast estates.
Slavery: A massive slave workforce was essential for operating mines, farms, and manufacturing, allowing for high production volume.
Trade & Infrastructure: The Roman state developed trade by constructing a vast network of roads and securing sea routes from pirates. Imports included luxury goods from across Asia and Africa, while grain was imported to feed the Rome.