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Personality Traits - Coggle Diagram
Personality Traits
Personality: The characteristic ways that people differ from one another. For example, when we say someone is: Talkative, Quiet, Anxious
Personality Traits
- Basic dimensions on which people differ
- Each individual falls within a certain range of this dimension (trait): low, medium, or high
For a quality to be considered a personality trait it has to be consistent in Home, Work and Public
It has to be stable over time: E.g., the behaviors associated with the trait of talkativeness are somewhat stable over time
It has to indicate "difference" among people
E.g., using speech is not a personality trait because virtually all people do it!
-But people do differ on how frequently they socialize- so personality traits like sociability levels to exist!
Reflection: WHY MIGHT WE BOTHER WITH
PERSONALITY? Think about areas in your personal and/or professional life where you think knowing what someone is generally like can behelpful?
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Big Five or "Five Factor Model"
- Comprises five major traits
(OCEAN)Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism
Openness : Defined as the tendency to appreciate new art, ideas, values, feelings and behaviors
High openness people enjoy novelty, are curious, imaginative, artistic and untraditional
Low openness people prefer not to be exposed to alternative moral systems, have narrow interest, and are inartistic
- Fantasy prone
- Open to feelings
- Open to new/different ideas
- Open to various values and beliefs
Conscientiousness :Defined as the tendency to be careful, on-tine for appointments, to follow rules and be hardworking
- Competent
- Orderly
- Dutiful
- Achievement oriented
- Self disciplined
Deliberate
Extraversion - Defined as the tendency to be talkative, sociable and to enjoy others, and also has the tendency to have a dominant style
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- Gregarious
- Warm
- Assertive
- Active
- Excitement seeking
- Positive Emotionality
Agreeableness : Defined as the tendency to agree and go along with others rather than to assert one's own opinions and choices
An agreeable person will agree with others about political opinions is good-natured, forgiving, gullible (trusting), and helpful
An individual who is low in agreeableness might quickly and confidently assert their own rights and opinions, be irritable, manipulative, uncooperative and rude
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Neuroticism : Defined as the tendency to frequently experience negative emotions, such as anger, worry, and sadness, as well as being interpersonally sensitive
Someone who is neurotic may constantly worry about little things, be insecure, hypochondriacal, and frequently feel inadequate
Someone who is low in neuroticism may not get irritated by small annoyances, appear calm, unemotional, hardy, secure and self-satisfied
- Anxious
- Angry
- Depressed
- Self-Consiousness
Person-Situation Debate
- Walter Mischel said that: Situational factors are more important than traits
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