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Sigmund Freud: Psychoanalytic Theories - Coggle Diagram
Sigmund Freud: Psychoanalytic Theories
The Unconscious Mind (The Iceberg Analogy)
Freud used an iceberg to describe the three levels of the mind:
Consciousness: The "tip of the iceberg"; thoughts that are currently the focus of our attention.
Preconscious: Thoughts that are not currently conscious but can be easily retrieved from memory.
Unconscious: The largest, hidden part of the mind. It contains processes that are the real cause of most behaviors, even though we cannot see or access them directly.
2. The Structural Model of the Mind
The mind is composed of three interacting entities:
Id: Operates at an unconscious level and contains biological instincts:
Eros: The life instinct (its energy is called libido).
Thanatos: The death or destructive instinct.
Ego: Develops from the Id. Its goal is to satisfy the Id’s demands in a safe and socially acceptable way.
Superego: Develops during early childhood; it represents moral standards and "conscience."
3. Psychosexual Stages
Freud claimed personality develops through five stages where the libido (energy) is focused on different parts of the body:
Oral Stage (0–1 year): Focus is on the mouth (e.g., sucking, biting).
Anal Stage (1–3 years): Focus is on the anus (pleasure derived from defecating/toilet training).
3. Phallic Stage (3–5/6 years): Focus on genitals. Development of the Oedipus complex (boys) and Electra complex (girls).
4. Latency Stage (5/6 years to puberty): Sexual energy is dormant and redirected toward school, hobbies, and friendships.
5. Genital Stage (puberty to adulthood): Focus on mature sexual interests and pleasure.
Dream Analysis
Freud called dreams the "royal road to the unconscious."
Manifest Content: What you actually remember from the dream.
Latent Content: The hidden, symbolic meaning.
Dream-work processes:
Condensation: Combining different ideas or images into one.
Displacement: Replacing a person or object with something else.
Secondary Elaboration: The mind’s attempt to make the dream logical when you wake up.