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ECOLOGY(anna) - Coggle Diagram
ECOLOGY(anna)
ABIOTIC COMPONENTS(non living)
SUNLIGHT
provides light energy for plants to carry out photosynthesis
allows organism avoid danger + look for food
provides warmth to living organisms
TEMPERATURE
affects growth ,activities ,survival of organism
WATER
important! affects life or all living organisms as living cells are made up of water mainly. water provides suitable habitat for marine life
pH LEVEL
acidity or alkalinity affects the type of organisms living in a particular area
AIR
provides carbon dioxide for plants to carry out photosynthesis, provides oxygen for living organisms to carry out aerobic respiration
MINERALS
substances provide elements for plants to grow healthily. these elements such as potassium, nitrogen needed for plants, make chlorophyll,vitamins,enzymes. they obtained by plants from soil
definitions
habitat: environment in which a species normally lives
ecosystem: interaction of all biotic and abiotic components within an area
community : interaction of all population within an area
population:living organisms of the same species in the same area at a particular time
abiotic : NON LIVING components in an ecosystem
biotic: LIVING components in an ecosystem
BIOTIC COMPONENTS(
living
part of environment which organism might
interact
)
parasitim
e.g fleas harm host by sucking their blood
an organism(parasite)
gains benefits
from another organism (host) and causes
harm
to the host at the same time
mutualism
bees obtain nectar from flowers and help the plant pollinate successfully
two
organism of different species interact together,
each benefits
from the relationship
predator-prey
organism
kills
and
consumes
,other organism
e.g bear and fish
commensalim
remora fish attaching to shark, obtain food,not affecting it
two organism where one organism
benefits
but the other is
not harms or benefitted
exam tested questions
why does pyramid of energy have a broader base but narrow towards the top
in food chain,more and more energy lost as heat when food transferred from one trophic level to next
energy is highest at the first trophic, lowest at the last trophic
why do food chains rarely have more than five
trophic levels?
in food chain, only 10% energy in food is transferred from one trophic level to the next .
amount of energy available in food not sufficient anymore to support organisms after five trophic level