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Endocrine System Alexis Zatarain P.3 - Coggle Diagram
Endocrine System Alexis Zatarain P.3
Major Functions
coordinate and integrate activity of body
cells
nfluences metabolic activities via hormones transported in blood
Reproduction
Growth and development
Regulation of cellular metabolism and energy balance
Mobilization of body defenses
Maintenance of electrolyte, water, and nutrient balance of blood
Steroid & Nonsteroid
steroid
synthesized frommm cholesterol
includes gonadal and adrenocortical hormones
lipid soluble
amino acid
water soluble
mines, peptides, proteins
not thyroid
target cells
specific receptors
activation depends on hormone blood levels
Diseases
Addison's disease
adrenal gland produces low cortisol
hypothyroidism: slow thyroid=fatigue, weight gain
acromegaly: too much growth hormone
diabetes mellitus: either no insulin or body reject insulin
hyperthyroidism: overactive thyroid
Major Glands/Organs
Exocrine glands
Produce nonhormonal substances
Have ducts to carry secretion to membrane surface
Endocrine glands
Produce hormones
Lack ducts
pituitary
posterior
oxytocin:uterinecintraction and milkproduction
ADH:water reabsorption in kidney
anterior
TSH: thyroid stim
ACTH
adrenal cortex
FSH and LH: gonadotropin
PRL: milk production
thyroid
T5 and T4: metabolic, heat production
Calcitonin: in response to high ca+2
adrenal
aldosterone: Na+ K+ balance
cortisol: stress/glucose
androgens
parathyroid
Ca+2 homeostasis
raise blood ca2+
targets bone, kidney, intestines
pineal
melatonin: sleep wake cycle
Homeostatic Mechanisms
negative feedback: too much hormone, body stops produccing. Not enough body stops producing
positive feedback: cause s more hormone release
humoral stimulation: glands directly detect changes in blood levels of ions or nutrients and respond .
Hormonal Stimulation: One hormone triggers the release of another
Neural Stimulation: nervous system directly stimulates endocrine glands to release hormones