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1997 MONSERATT Volcanic Eruption - Coggle Diagram
1997 MONSERATT Volcanic Eruption
INTRODUCTION
Small Island in Carrbibean
Reliant on the Uk government for aid + money
Series of eruptions took place between June and September 1997, along with smaller ones years prior
Volcano was dormant for 350yrs prior
IMPACTS
SOCIAL
Population declined
( 8000 of the 12000 residents left Monseratt) many who evacuated did not return
Hundreds lost their homes //
20 villages destroyed
by pyroclastic flows
19
people died due to remaing in restrricted areas
50% Unemployment
ENVIROMENTAL
Many areas buried //
2/3 of Monseratt is now inaccesible
Vegetation and Farmland which was the main source for many residents at the time were destroyed // HOWEVER volcanic ash significantly improved soil fertility
ECONOMIC
Toal
loss of $1 billion
Many business and Investment was taken out of Monseratt, due to the risk of high costs.
GDP fell by
36.9%
SHORT-TERM RESPONSES
Preparedness + Mitigation
// Mass Evacuations; evacuated by British Navy
2/3 of Island labelled as exclusion zone
Emergency aid and Evacuations provided by the Uks Department for Int. Development
Constant Monitoring and warning sytems
HAZARDS
Pyroclastic flows
// buried 2/3 of the island
Lahars
// blocked transport routes negativly impacting efficiency of response
Wildfires
// tiriggered by heat of Pyroclastic Flows
LONG-TERM RESPONSES
Uk provided
$50 million in 1998
a total of
$400 million
overall // including financial support for those who migrated to the UK and surrounding Islands
$2400/per adult
Shift in Industry from Farming to Tourism
Investments in Monitoring Systesms