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Chapter 3: Developing Through the Life Span Myers, D. G., & DeWall, C.…

- - - - change allows us to adapt and grow from experience
- - - - persistent heavy drinking puts the fetus at risk for congenital disabilities, behavior problems, and lower intelligence
        
        fetal alcohol syndrome
      - alcohol has an epigenetic effect leaving chemical marks on DNA which switch genes to abnormal on or off states
  - - - often helped our ancestors survive
- - - - from ages 3-6 the most rapid brain growth is in the frontal lobes
  - - - object permanence develops gradually
    - - until about age 6 or 7
      - children being able to represent things with words and images, but too young to perform mental operations
    - - preschool children are egocentric and have difficulty imagining things from another's perspective
    - - by about age 7 children begin to grasp more complex concepts when given physical materials
  - - - an attachment bond is a survival impulse that keeps infants close
    - - Temperament and Attatchment
        
        anxiety over separation from parents peaks at around 13 months before gradually declining
    - - responsive and demanding
      - Authoritarian
      - Permissive
      - Neglectful
      - Authorative
- - - - teens frontal lobes continue to develop but lags limbic system development
  - - - morality is rooted in moral intuitions
        
        moral action feeds moral attitudes
  - - - adolescents in Western cultures try out different "selves" in different situations to refine their sense of identity
  - - - this affected independence
- - - - early-middle adulthood health and exercise habits affect physical vigor more than age
        
        physical decline begins in early adulthood but we aren't usually aware of it until later in life
  - - - remembering seems to depend on the type of information we try to retrieve
  - - - self-disclosure binds couples
        
        both men and women have a social clock related to culture
        
        some grief is not identical to others
        
        facing death with dignity and openness helps people complete the life cycle with a sense of meaningfulness and unity