Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

VIRUSES, BACTERIA - Coggle Diagram

- - - - enter cells
      - evade immune system
  - - - Bacteriophage structure
        
        Head (capsid with DNA)
        
        Tail
        
        Tail fibers -- attach to bacteria
- - - - Misfolded proteins (NOT viruses)
      - Cause other proteins to misfold
    - - brain tissue
    - - induce normal proteins -- misfold
    - - Mad Cow Disease
      - Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
      - Kuru
  - - - they travel in droplets or vectors (mosquitoes)
      - nets block:
        
        insects
        
        large droplets
- - - - Only from infected host cells
      - They cannot multiply in air
    - - Host range
        
        The types of cells a virus can infect
        
        Flu infects respiratory cells because only they have the right receptors
        
        Determined by:
        
        surface proteins AND host cell receptors
  - - - LYSOGENIC VIRUSES DEVELOP SYMTOMS AS IT SWITCHES TO LYTIC CYCLE, HIV BECOMES AIDS
      - CAREFULLY ASSEMBLES VIRAL ARMY W/OUT DESTROYING HOST CELL
  - - - cut foreign viral DNA
    - - defense against viruses
- - - - BACKWARDS FLOW OF GENETIC INFO
      - ENZYME: REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE
- - - - Thick peptidoglycan
      - No outer membrane
      - Stains purple
    - - Thin peptidoglycan
      - Has outer membrane (LPS layer)
      - Stains pink
    - - Gram stain purpose
        
        Differentiates bacteria by cell wall structure
      - Primary stain:
        
        Crystal violet
        
        Stains all cells purple initially
      - Why?
        
        Gets trapped in thick peptidoglycan (Gram +)
      - Secondary stain
        
        Safranin
        
        Stains Gram-negative pink
        
        Why?
        
        Gram-negative lost crystal violet -- takes up safranin
  - - - immune system
      - dehydration
    - - THINK FILM ON TEETH WHEN YOU FIRST WAKE UP
  - - - heat
      - chemicals
      - radiation
    - - Extreme heat (autoclaving)
  - - - Move toward food
    - - Using flagella
  - - - Asexual reproduction
      - One cell → two identical cells
    - - Can occur every 20 minutes
    - - Very fast evolution
- - - - Archaea
  - - - recycle nutrients
    - - essential for plants
    - - digestion, immunity