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Pharmacology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Enteral - alimentary canal
        
        Oral
        
        1st pass effect
        
        Sublingual
        
        Buccal
        
        Rectal
        
        alternative to oral when pt is unconscious or vomiting
      - Parenteral - nonalimentary
        
        Injection
        
        More direct to target tissue, rapid onset
        
        Intra-arterial (going into artery)
        
        IM - intramuscular (going into muscle)
        
        IV - intravenous (going into vein)
        
        SC - Subcutaneous (into stomach/ fat)
        
        Intrathecal (within a sheath) ex: "spinal area" epidural
        
        Topical
        
        local effect on skin surface
        
        Transdermal: drug into blood stream without breaking skin
        
        DON'T apply HEAT to PATCH
        
        Inhalation
        
        rapid entry into bloodstream
  - - - has effect on CNS - alleviates anxiety
    - - creates numbness - without sensation
    - - analgesics, pain relieving, hypnotic effect (made numb)
    - - Pain relieving ONLY
- - - - official or nonproprietary name, shorter name & often taken from the chemical name
    - - may or may not reference chemical name & generic term
    - - Special funding for medication that treat RARE diseases (effect small population)
    - - classified by LEGAL STATUS
        
        Schedule 1
        
        NOT for medical use
        
        HIGH POTENTIAL FOR ABUSE
        
        heroin
        
        lysergic acid
        
        diethylmide
        
        marijuana
        
        Schedule 2
        
        Approved for SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC PURPOSES
        
        HIGH POTENTIAL for abuse & Possible dependence (pros outway cons)
        
        oxycodone
        
        fentanyl
        
        cocaine
        
        Ritalin
    - - classified by MEDICAL USE
        
        judged safe no direct medical supervision
    - - Medication dose needed in order to be therapeutic for pt
        
        AT or ABOVE Threshold dose
      - Max reached, HIGHER dose does not increae effect on pt
        
        Ceiling effect
    - - Wide TI, safer
        
        ex: 1-4
      - Narrow TI, toxic
        
        ex: 1-2