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Soft power VS Hard power - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Moral Authority - Gain influence through international engagement in peace negotiations and humanitarian causes
      - Digital Diplomacy - Use of social media and public appeals to gain international support during conflict.
      - Human Rights Advocacy - Promoting and encouraging the rule of law and equality through partnerships which create trust
      - Human Rights Advocacy - Promoting and encouraging the rule of law and equality through partnerships which create trust
    - - Student Exchanges - Attracting international students, who often return home with positive views of the host country's culture and values.
      - Language Promotion - The establishment of institutions to spread language and culture.
    - - USAID - Providing food and development aid to build positive relationships.
      - Vaccine Diplomacy - Nations exporting vaccines during pandemics to build goodwill.
      - Hosting Global Events - Hosting the Olympics or World Cup to showcase culture and hospitality.
    - - Broadcasting Services - The BBC World Service or Voice of America, which spread a nation's perspective globally.
    - - Using expressions of a country’s culture through music, film, art, or sport
  - - - More long-term trust
        
        Improved positive global engagement
        
        Build global connections
- - - - Job creation
      - Renewable energy
      - Health and vaccine access
      - Digital infrastructure: 5G, fibreoptics etc
      - Infrastructure: roads bridges, ports etc
    - - Debt traps
      - Corruption & lack of transparency (e.g. ‘kickbacks’)
      - Environmental degradation
      - Labour disputes (not using local labour)
      - Commodity dependency
      - Loss of control of own infrastructure
- - - - Often used as an indicator of living standards per person