Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Gastrointestinal System, Nervous system, Cardiovascular, Respiratory…
Gastrointestinal System
Oral Cavity
-
-
Dental Pad: firm, heavily cornified tissue that replaces incisors and canines.
-
-
Salivary glands
Exocrine glands that are located outside the digestive tract but secrete saliva into the mouth through ducts.
Parotid:is positioned at the base of the ear and secretes serous secretions. Important for moistening and sorting food.
Mandibular: Rounded, encapsulated savilary gland that is positioned located at the mandibular remaus.
-
Throat area?
Pharynx: .Serves both respiratory and digestive functions Common passage way leading from oral and nasal passages to the esophagus&Larynx.
Epiglottis: This flap closes durning swallowing to cover the laryngeal opening to protect the lungs.
Esophagus: A muscular tube threat connect with the oral cavity to the stomach and aids in transporting food and water.
Stomach Area Perhaps
-
Rumen: Large “Fermentation vat” that occupies the left side of the abdomen. This compartment utilizes microorganisms to break down cellulose.
Reticulum: Traps foregoing objects, HoneyComb Appearance.
Omasum: Spherical, Butchers Bible”
-
Rumen: Fermentation chamber, papilla lining gives rug appearance
-
-
Other GI organs
Liver: largest glands in the body, Detoxification of drugs and toxins, forms and secretes bile, metabolize carbohydrates and fats. Form urea and inactivates hormones.
Gall Bladder: Concentrates and stores bile, breaks down large fat molecules into smaller ones. HORSE DONT HAVE ONE
Pancreas: Part of the digestive and endocrine system. Endocrine function: Secretes glucagon and gastric. Exocrine function: Produce enzymes to aid in digestion.
Spleen: Largest lymphoid, stores red blood cells and iron, produces lymphocytes.
Nervous system
-
-
Cranial Nevres
-
-
-
Nerves: Mixed, Motor , Ensor, special sensory & Autonomic
Olfactory, optic (Optic Chiasm, Oculomotor
-
Diencephalon
-
-
-
Pituitary gland: “Master gland”, secretes many important hormones
-
Meteencephalon
-
Cerebellum
-
Account for 10% of brain mass, but contains 50% of neurons
Responsible for muscle movement, coordination and balance
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cardiovascular
Heart Chambers & Values
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Chordate tendineae “Heart strings” : Held in place by papillary muscles to prevent prolapse into atrium
-
-
Layers of the Heart
Myocardium: Makes up bulk of thickness, muscle layer
Endocardium: Thin, inner layer, Lines atrial & Ventricles
Epicardium: Thin, outer layer, covers surface of heart
-
Heart Vasculature:
-
-
-
Aorta
-
Ascending aorta, aortic arch & Descending aorta
Basic Definitions: Arteries, Capillaries, Veins
-
-
-
-
External Heart Features: Apex, Base, Auricles*
Respiratory system
Bronchial tree
-
-
-
Bronchioles
-
Smaller, narrow tubes with not cartilage support
-
-
-
Lower Respiratory
Trachea:"Wind Pipe",
Tracheal Rings: Not sold, prevent collapsing,
-
-
renal system
External Structures
Fibrous capsule: Thin, fibrous tissue that covers external surface.
-
-
-
-
-
Function of Renal system
Regulation of blood ion concentration (NA, K CA) and ph
-
-
-
-
-
Nephron
-
Structures: Renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of hence, distal convoluted tubule
Reproduction system
Female repro
Ovaries
-
Located in lumbar region, close to kidneys
-
-
-
-
-
Uterus
Cervix, body, Uterine horns
-
-
-
Male repro
-
-
-
Scrotum
Retains the testis, epididymis, and distal spermatic cord
-
-
-
-
-
Male repro (cont')
-
Head of epididymis
Concentrate sperm, receives effect ducts
-
-
-
-
Special Senses
Fibrous Tunic
-
Cornea: transparent structure that is arranged in layer and bulges forwards to let light into the eye
-
Eye
-
Eyeball
-
Fibrous tunic: External layer of the eyeball, gives eye shape
Vascular tunic: middle layer of eyeball, contains blood vessels and smooth
Nervous Tunic: Inner layer of eyeball, contains receptor cells (RETINA)
Vascular
Deep to the sclera - contains blood vessels and muscles that adjusts shape of lens and size of pupil
Iris: Between cornea and lens, Number of pigment cells = color of eye, high number = brown color, low number = blue color
-
Tapetum Iucidum: specialized reflective layer, believed to be a nocturnal adaptations
-