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MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS - Coggle Diagram
MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
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- Used for growth, repair, and replacing old cells
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- Starts with 1 parent cell
- Produces 2 daughter cells
- Daughter cells are genetically identical
- Daughter cells are diploid
- In humans, diploid cells have 46 chromosomes
- Keeps the chromosome number the same
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- Prophase: chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane breaks down
- Metaphase: chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
- Anaphase: sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides
- Telophase: two new nuclei form
- Cytokinesis: the cell splits into two cells
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- Skin cells replacing dead skin
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- Growth from child to adult
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- Used for sexual reproduction
- Happens in reproductive organs
- Makes gametes, which are sperm and egg cells
- Starts with 1 parent cell
- Produces 4 daughter cells
- Daughter cells are genetically different
- Daughter cells are haploid
- In humans, haploid cells have 23 chromosomes
- Cuts the chromosome number in half
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- Meiosis I: homologous chromosomes separate
- Meiosis II: sister chromatids separate
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- Crossing over: chromosomes exchange pieces of DNA
- Independent assortment: chromosomes line up in different combinations
- Random fertilization: sperm and egg combine randomly
- This creates differences between offspring
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- Both are types of cell division
- Both start with one parent cell
- Both copy DNA before division
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- Both go through prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
- Both help organisms survive and reproduce
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- Mitosis makes identical cells
- Meiosis makes different cells
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- Mitosis keeps 46 chromosomes in humans
- Meiosis makes cells with 23 chromosomes in humans
- Mitosis is for growth and repair
- Meiosis is for reproduction