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Unit 4: History of US Society - Coggle Diagram
Unit 4: History of US Society
Lesson 2: Understanding the civil war, slavery, & Lincoln
Rising tensions
North
Paid labor
Many immigrants = strong economy
Large cities & urbanization
Wanted taxes & tariffs
Economy of industry & factories
Belief in federal government & constitution
South
Slave labor
Few immigrants / industry = concentrated economy
Economy based on agriculture
No taxes & tariffs = Make goods more expensive
Didn't want a strong government
Wanted 3/5 vote from slaves
Conceptual Review
Political Issues
Wilmot Proviso
Popular Sovereignty + Political imbalance of power
Free state of slave state policies
State choices
Missouri Compromise
Compromise of 1850 + Fugitive Slave Acts
Dred Scott case in 1857
Slaves are property & part of a law
Historical Context
Mexican American War 1845
54'40 or fight - Northwest territory 1845
Lousiana purchase 1803
Gadsden Purchase
Sectionalism & Identity
Culture
Northern Immigrants
Social Integration
Southern Plantation
Social Division
Morality
Fredrick Douglass
John Brown
Harpers ferry attack to start civil war
Abolitionist fight in bleeding Kansas
North v.s South
Northstar
William lloyd Garrison
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Told slave experience to North
Increase in abolishing slaves
Sectionalism
Geographic loyalty that caused social & Political identities to emerge
Northerners(Yankees)
Southerners
Economic Issues
Napoleonic wars
All supplies being replaced by cotton
English Industrial revolution
Slavery dependence
Northern railway + Kansas Nebraska
Gold rush, Business & Economic expansion
Popular Sovereignity will decide the railway use
King Cotton
US stopped selling to Europe because of Tariffs benefit for the North
Cause Northern Business increase
Industry & Cities vs rural & plantation economies
Free Labor
Increase productivity
Develop technology & Business
Personal motivation
Slave labor
Labor explatation
Creation of Reformers and Activists
Progressivist Reformers
During 1820s ~ 1920s
Industrial Revolution
Wealth Gap
Monopoly
Poor conditions for work
Child labor
No Rights
Goals
Improve working conditions in factories
Create better living conditions for these who lived in slum areas
Clean up corrupt city government
Environmental protection and conservation of resources
Make big business more responsible through regulation of various kinds
Black Progressives fought for systemic changes to achieve racial & economic equality
What is Progressivist Reformers
Opposite = conservative
Keep the system from change
People who want to change a system
Perspectives about them
Booker T.
Education of blacks in the crafts, industrial and forming skills
Cultivation of the virtues of patience & thift
Belief that self help would win the respect of the whites and lead African Americans to being fully accepted
They should accept poor conditions to improve yourself
A progressive reformer who has a philosophy of self help racial solidarity
W.E.B Dubois
Rapid Social change
Demand for rights
Another Progressive advocating for change and support African Americans
He is from North v.s Booker from the South
Double consciousness
1940 ~ 1960s build up to civil rights
Other People who build up to Civil Rights
Jackie Robinson
In 1947, he was the first African American to play in major league Baseball
Thurgood Marshall
Was an African American layer who argued the years before black schools were under funded & under supported
Change the society
Claudette Colvin
A 15 year old girl who was the first women refused to give up her seat on a segregated Montgomery, Alabama bus on 3/2/1955
Malcolm X
He was a leader in the civil rights movement, minister and supporter of Back nationalism
Main Events
Letters from Birmingham Jail
Montgomery bus boycott
Murder of Emmett Till
Core & Sncc
Southern Manifesto
March from Selma ~ Montgamery
Booker T. vs. W.E.B
Booker T.
Self Improvement
Ignore Racism
Role in Society, accept society
W.E.B
Demand equality
Constitution
Reconstruction & Jim Crow Era
Civil War
What was the intended outcome of the civil war
Outcome of the civil war
Facts of US civil war
3 Types of Social
Social Healing
Social Justice
Why Reconstruction ~ Jim Crow Era
Wendel Philip
Red Summer
African American Reconstruction
3 main Massacre in history
Elaine Massacre
Rosewood Massacre
Tulsa Oklahoma
Why was these Massacre allowed ?
Uncertain about social interaction
1877 compromise
Act violently without consequence
Lesson 1: Life in Slavery
Definition of Institution
Religion
Government
School or education
Organization intended to help facilitate societal function
Slavery
What is Chattel
Slavery for property or objects
For Immigration
Push
Reasons for leaving a situation, country, or community
Pull
Reasons for going to a new country, area or community
Why
To make more money
Virginia Company
Join Stock colonies
Where are they coming from
They care coming from
Countries
English
Ireland
Germany
Poor classes and from society's outcasts
Jobless people
Some were ticked into indenture, and some were kidnapped
Foundation of an English Society
All people would have protection under law
Colonists must be needed in English society
What is Magna Carta
Is the first ideas of law and rights protection in 1215
Rights of life, liberty & Property
Rights of tax only with representation
Due process of the law
Society would be in 3 parts
Middle : Freedman
Bottom: Indentured Servants
Top: Wealthy Landowners
Bacon's Rebellion
Led a group of indentured Servants to burn down the colonial government
Killing landowners
Black & Whites rebels working together
House of Burgeses
Result
Black indentured Servants killed
Solution was the people to land slavery
White indentured servants forced to work 3 ~ 5 years more
How Indentured Servants became slavery
Headright system
Every indentured servant, landlord gets more land
Triangle Slave trade
1833 - British abolished all slavery because of their empire
They trade for
Sugar
Tobacco
Rice
Indigo
1804 - All Northern States Abolished Slavery
Why British started buying less supplies from the US ?
In 1776, US trade decreased with British
Because of Revolution
Less Money
Tariff - Tax on imported goods
In Late 18th century, England started huge demand for American Cottons
It saved the Southern States in the US
South Reliance on Slavery, North Abandons
British needs cottons to make textiles in their factories
The South has large class of people to exploit and money off of
The south has a product to Sell
The North had their own industrial revolution based on other manufactured goods and free labor.
Slave life
Characteristic
No Education
Abused
Dehumanized
Separation
No Identity
Hunger
Result
Causes the slave patrols begans
How does these consistencies in Treatment become policy, law or social actions
Losing Sherman's gift
Sharecropping
Policing
Institution
Segregation(Jim Crow Law)
Socrative Quiz
What Supreme Court case legally ruled that slavery could be everywhere in the US because "slaves are property"
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Because it was often illegal for enslaved people to learn to read, many "social institutions" for black education were called
Secret or "pit" schools
What idea best defines the term "paternalism" in regard to slavery in the US
Slaves owners taught and cared for Slaves
In Paternalism, slave owners imagined themselves as father of slaves who need to be cared or guided.
This could cause disempower in slaves
Which of the building was created by enslaved building
All of these government were created by enslaved labor
Smithsonian Institution
Wall Street
White house
Harvard Law School
Enslaved labor was used to build ironically name "Statue of freedom" that sits on top of which government building
The US capital building
Which major government building in Washington DC was largely constructed using the labor of enslaved people between 1792 ~ 1800s
The White House
What is the Purpose of Slave patrols in US southern states
White men empowered to monitor, captured, and discipline enslaved people
Slave patrols were created to capture and detain any escaping slaves and return to their original farm
This became the first foundation for the US police system.
By joining the USCT, black freeman accidentally helped create the socially accepted the idea of which of following
Segregation
Was a legal method to keep black & white Americans separate society
This will cause economic issues & issues with access to resources
What is 3/5s compromise created under the US constitution
Enslaved people were 3/5s of a person and slave owners used those votes
The US constitution stated that a slave owner could use 3/5ths of a vote from their slaves to vote with
This way could allow ed for the Southern states to accept the new constitution
What did the slaves codes directly influence
Black codes
These laws directly influenced in South, which restrict freedom rights
Arguments about Slavery
Types of theories
Mudsill Theory
Theory proposed that there always needs to be an underclass
Mudsill - The foundation for a home
Example: Slavery is needed for society to build & develop
Free labor theory
More skills and more development for helping society
Gives more opportunity for growth & development
More free people the more educated they become
Perspective of Arguments of Slavery
Hammond
Mudsill Theory
Needs slaves to do the physically demanding work to build society
Concept of slavery is inveitable
Sean throughout history
Moral & Economic arguments
Lincoln
Main: Better education and personal profit better incentives for more labor
More developments & Profits
Support
Lincoln advocating for education & equal opportunity to gain profit
Small numbers of workers unsustainable for effective capital
Mudsill Theory
Calhoun
Congress can't interfere since the slaves are viewed as property & is protected by 4th amendments
Political & Moral
If abolitionist continue to argue, it will cause anti-slavery & rebellions & division between North & South