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Ecology (Charlotte) - Coggle Diagram
Ecology (Charlotte)
important terms in the study of ecology
biotic
living components in an ecosystem
abiotic
non living components in an ecosystem
population
living things of a certain species
community
interactions of the populations
habitat
environment where an organism lives
ecosystem
interactions of biotic and abiotic components
energy transfer in an ecosystem
producers
organisms that make their own food using photosynthesis
consumers
organisms that feed on producers or other organisms for food
examples are carnivores, herbivores and omnivores
in a food chain, only 10% of the energy is being transferred from one trophic level to the next
why do food chains rarely have more than 5 trophic levels?
in a food chain, only 10% of energy in food is transferred from one trophic level to the next, hence the amount of energy available in food is not sufficient anymore to support organisms
eventually all the energy is being lost back as heat
important terms
scavengers
animals that feed on dead organisms for food without breaking them down into simpler substances
decomposers
organisms that break down the remains of plants and animals into simpler substances
food chains
movement of energy from one trophic level to the next
food webs
diagrams to show the complex interactions of organisms in an ecosystem
producers
organisms that are able to make their own food through photosynthesis
biotic components
what is it?
biological influences on organisms
types of interactions
predator prey
an organism kills another organism
eg. lion and zebra, bear and fish
parasitism
an organism gains benefits from another organism and causes harm
mutualism
both organisms benefit from the other
commensalism
an organism benefits but the other is not harmed or benefitted
abiotic components
what is it?
non living parts of the environment
components
air
provides carbon dioxide for plants
light
provides energy for plants to photosynthesize
provides warmth for organisms
temperature
affects growth of organisms
water
provides suitable habitats for organisms
minerals
provides essential elements to grow healthy plants
pH level
affects the type of organisms
what is ecology?
the scientific study of interactions
among organisms
between organisms and their physical environment
levels of organisation in ecology
conservation of the ecosystem
