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CHAPTER 1 - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 1
Five Unifying Themes of Biology
Living things...
Require food and energy
obtain and use energy to grow, move, and survive
Reproduce and develope
can reproduce asexually or sexually
Embryo grows according to genes inherited by parents
genes are made of DNA
Have adaptations
adaptation are traits that help organisms survive in their environment
Maintain homeostasis
maintaining internal conditions' stability despite external changes
Respond to environment
react to stimuli in their environment
Evolution
accumulated adaptations of population over time
Natural selection
Some individuals reproduce more than others
Variation in a population of individuals
Genes that improv es survivability are more common in future generations
mechanism of evolution
Organizing the Diversity of Life
Taxonomy
naming and classifying
organisms according to certain rules
Systematics
classifies organisms according to
presumed evolutionary relationship
Categories of classification
From top to bottom, Most inclusive to Least inclusive
• Domain
3 main Domains
Archaea
Prokaryote: single-celled, no nucleus
Often found in extreme environments (hot springs, salty lakes)
Eukarya
Eukaryote: single-celled or
multicellular
Has a nucleus
Eukaryotic Kingdoms
Fungi
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Plantae
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Protista
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Animalia
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Bacteria
Prokaryote: single-celled, no nucleus
• Supergroup
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species
Biology: The scientific study of life
What is Biology?
The study of Life
Levels of Organization
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Organisms
Populations
Communities
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The Process of Science
Scientific method
Conduct experiment
Experimental group
Control group
Analyze data
Form hypothesis
Draw conclusions
Ask questions
Communicate results
Observations
Dependent variable
factor that is measure or observed
Control variables
factor/s that are kept constant
Independent variable
factor/s that is changed