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Ch. 51 + 52 - Coggle Diagram
Ch. 51 + 52
types of behaviors
fixed action pattern
unchangeable and usually carried to completion
observational learning
learned by watching others perform a behavior
young chimps learning to crack nuts by watching adults
attacking behavior in sticklebacks that happen in respone to a red object
imprinting
w/ gulls parents must bond with their offspring within 1-2 days or the offspring gets rejected
associative learning
animals associate one feature of their enviroment with another
distasteful monarch butterfly experience = blue jay avoiding eating all monarches and similar looking butterflies
influences mate choice in zebra finches
long lasting behavior response to a particular individual or object
innate behavior
web building in spiders
habituation
loss of response to a stimulus
four major motivations
foraging
food-obtaining behavior
mule deer choosing to forage in open areas
survival
staying alive to reproduce
crows mobbing hawks
mating behavior
seeking or attracting mates
peacocks growing elaborate tails to attract females
social behavior
interacting with others
worker bees raise the queen's offspring
bird stops fleeing from scarecrow once they learn it's harmless
fixed action pattern. pheromone signaling
trail and error
animal associates it's own behavior with a reward or punishment
bird eats a monarch butterfly, gets sick, then avoids them after
learns through personal experience and personal consequence
ecology & biosphere
scientific study of the interactions btw organisms and the living and nonliving components of the enviroment
climate
long term weather changes
four major physical components
sunlight
intense sunlight causes water to evaporate in the tropics, warm, or wet air masses
increseases and flow from tropics to poles
wind
mountains w/ moist air cooling as it travels up and cool air absorbing moisture as it descends down leeward side
temperature
precipitation
bodies of water moderate climate of nearby land due to high specific heat
effects of climate vegetation
dark color in forest= absorb energy
warming effect is offset by cooling which reduces surface temperatures + increases precipitation rates
biome
major life zones
ocean zones
abyssal zone
in aphotic zone w/ depth of 2000-6000m
benthic zone
organic + inorganic sediment at the bottom of all aquatic zone
eutrophic lakes
nutrient rich and high w/ organic content in sediment
thermocline
seperates the warm upper later from the cold deeper water
estuary
where you go from freshwater to salt water
hydrothermal vents
found in mid-oceanic ridges
climograph
temperature vs precipitation
factors affecting how a species distribute
presence or absence of pollinators
food resources
parasites + pathogens
competing organisms