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Gene Idea, The Basis of Inheritence - Coggle Diagram
Gene Idea
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Probability Laws
The multiplication rule states that the probability that two independent events will occur together is the product of their individual probabilities
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Segregation in a heterozygous plant is like flipping a coin: Each gamete has a 1/2 chance of carrying the dominant allele and a 1/2 chance of carrying the recessive allele
The addition rule states that the probability that nay one of two or more mutually exclusive events will occur is calculate by adding together their individual probabilities
Inheritance patterns
The relationship between genotype and phenotype is rarely as simple as in the pea plant characters Mendel studied
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However, the basic principles of segregation and independent assortment apply even to more complex patterns of inheritence
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The Basis of Inheritence
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Mendelian Inheritance
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Around 1902, Sutton and Boveri and others independently noted these parallels and began to develop the chromosome theory of inheritance
Morgans Choice
Morgan chose to study Drosophila melanogaster, a common species of fruit fly
Several characteristics make fruit flies a convenient organism for genetic studies: they produce many offspring, a generation can be bred every two weeks, and they only have four pairs of chromosomes
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Sex Linked Genes
Morgans discovery of a trait that correlated with the sex of flies was key to the development of the chromosome theory of inheritance
Chromosomal Basis
Humans and other mammals have two types of sex chromosomes: a larger X chromosome and a smaller Y chromosome
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Male properties are associated with the inheritance, of one X and one Y