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The Anatomy of a Failure - Coggle Diagram
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The crisis
In 1985, a border dispute became the protest for Mussolini to invade Abyssinia.
The Abyssinia Emperor begged the League of Nations for help
The Weak Response
The League imposed superficial sanctions, halting rubber and metals exports, but deliberately continued supplying Italy with oil.
Britain allowed Italian troops to sail unimpeded through the Suez Canal
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The Escalation Staircase
Step 2: REMILITARIZING THE RHINELAND [1936] German troops move into the demilitarized zone. Hitler fully expected resistance resistance but faced absolutely none
Step 1: THE SAAR PLEBICITE [1935] Following the Versailles treaty, the Saar region holds a vote and overwhelmingly chooses to rejoin Germany
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Forging the axis
The Shift: Mussolini was initiailly deeply suspicious of Hitler. However, facing British and French criticism over his Abyssinian campaign, he found a willing defender in Germany
1936: The Rome-Berlin Axis agreement is signed, permanently linking the two fascist dictatorships
1937: The Anti-Comintern Pact is formed between Germany, Italy, and Japan, uniting authoritarian regimes with shared militaristic ideologies
Impact: By 1938, Germany possessed a vastly strengthened military, powerful allies, and had successfully broken ever major term of Versailles without conseqeunce
The End of Illusions
The Final Breach: Despite promising to stop at the Sudetenland, Hitler Invades the remainder of Czechoslovakia in March 1939
The Mask Slips: He can no longer pretend his only goal is uniting ethnic German peoples. The naked territorial aggression is undeniable.
The Line Drawn: Appeasement officially ends Recognizing they have been played, Britain and France promise military support to Hitler's obvious next target: Poland
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