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Medicine over time - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Interested
        
        Anatomy
      - Famous Roman's doctor
        
        Believed in theory of the four humours
        
        Thought
        
        Humours
        
        Rebalanced using opposites
    - - Public health
        
        Aqueducts
        
        Sewers
        
        Public bath-houses
        
        Cities and people clean
  - - - Through
        
        Careful observation of the sick
        
        Blood
        
        Black bile
        
        Body fluids
        
        Yellow bile
    - - Was caused by
        
        Having imbalanced of
        
        The four humours in your body
      - Was to be followed for over
        
        One thousand years
    - - Train to obseved patient
        
        Symptoms
        
        And diagnose
      - Some kept very detail notes of their observations
      - Used their theory of the four humours
        
        Would try to help restore the balance
        
        Purging
        
        Inducing vomiting
        
        Bleeding
    - - He set down the profesionalstandards for doctors in his oath
      - Left a collection of
        
        Treatises
        
        Medical books
      - Had demostrated how important
        
        Was to observed patients
        
        Record their symptoms
      - Wanted people to look for natural causes
        
        Rather than seeking supernatural causes
  - - - We must use natural treatment
        
        Example
        
        Rest and change your diet
    - - Midwifery
      - Basic care were left to women
      - Illnesses had either
        
        supernatural causes
        
        Natural causes
      - The treatments was
        
        Herbs
        
        Prayer
        
        Basic surgery
        
        Combination of ritual
  - - - Had set up universities
      - Galen's ideas
        
        were rediscovered
    - - Spread from
        
        Asia
        
        To Europe
    - - Whipping themselves
      - Asking people to repent
    - - Balance the humours
        
        Bleeding
        
        Astrology
        
        Herbal medicines
    - - Were not permitted to go to universities
        
        Couldn't be profesionals doctors
      - Key care providers
      - Midwives
    - - On Islam
      - Large hopitals were built
        
        Across the Islamic World
      - Sina
        
        Believed
        
        Theory
        
        Was more important
        
        Than
        
        Practice
        
        Surgery
  - - - Important doctors
        
        Pare
        
        Major achivment
        
        surgery
        
        The army treating battle wounds
        
        Stopped bleeding
        
        Use bandages
        
        Cauterizing the wuond
        
        Patients still died
        
        Problem
        
        Antiseptics
        
        Desinfectants
        
        Vesalius
        
        Believed
        
        Was important know and understand
        
        Perfom of human dissection
        
        Harvey
        
        Understand the circulation of the blood
        
        Heart acted as a pump
        
        Blood is carried away from the heart
        
        By the arteries
        
        And is return to it by the veins
        
        Its re-circulated around the body by the heart
  - - - Use their obsevation
        
        Gain knowledge
      - Provide old ideas wrong
    - - New invention for observation
        
        Microscoped
      - Doctors
        
        Trainig become more sophisticated
      - The Catholic Curch
        
        Didn't dominated education
- - - - Many surgeons attemped new experimental surgeries
      - Chemists discovered different chemicals
        
        could have anaesthetic results on patients
        
        Ether
        
        Laughing gas
        
        Chloroform
        
        Induced a rapid sleeping state and was difficult to manage
      - Carl Koller
        
        Used cocaine as local anaesthetic
        
        Cocaine
        
        Was only useful for minor operations
    - - Florence Nightingale
        
        Led to improvements in the cleanliness
      - Josph Lister
        
        Experiments with carbolic acid
        
        If this was sprayed over a wound during surgery
        
        Gangrene would be prevent
      - W.S. Halstead
        
        Used rubber gloves when operating
    - - Louis Pasteur
        
        Developed germ theory
        
        Said
        
        That it ocurred because tiny living organisms fall from the air and cause decay
        
        Pasteurization of milk
        
        Devloped vaccines to prevent
        
        Anthrax
        
        Rabies
        
        Cholera
        
        Chicken pox
    - - Elizabeth Blackwell
        
        Was the first woman to qualify as a doctor in USA
      - Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole
        
        During the Crimean War
        
        Had an important impact on
        
        Nursing
        
        The cleanliness of hospitals
    - - Blood couldn't be sotored as it would clot and become unusable
    - - Industrialization, urbanization and population growth
        
        Had an impact on the role played by goverments in public health
      - John Snow had proven the link between
        
        The spread of cholera and polluted water supplies
      - Goverments were providing sewers and cleaner water supplies
        
        But also
        
        Improve the quality of food and even to make some vaccinations compilsory
    - - Eduard Jenner
        
        Called his new preventative treatment vaccination
    - - Dye
        
        Kill bacteria
      - Anaesthetic
        
        Gas
      - New tech
        
        Metal
        
        Needles
        
        Glass
        
        microscope
        
        Thermometer
      - Communic
        
        Newspaper
        
        Spread ideas
  - - - Blood loss
        
        Doctors
        
        Found
        
        They could separate the liquid part of the blood, the plasma
        
        From the corpuscles
      - Infection