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Class in UK politics - Coggle Diagram

- - - - decline in link of voting for a party and being associated with a social class
      - Alternative basis on partisanship
        
        language
        
        culture
        
        national identity
  - - - viewed class as a marxist idea
      - Liberation from bourgeois guilt
        
        middle class have no duty to help working class
      - Secure the support of the ‘essex man’
        
        voters who wanted to rise up social ladder
        
        policies such as council houses
      - Massive increase in income inequality
      - Middle class welfare
        
        education, healthcare, etc
        
        not under same attack
    - - Noblesse oblige
        
        wealthy have an obligation to help the poor
      - Theresa May
        
        tackle burning injustices
        
        more active state to protect working people
        
        in favour of redistribution
      - Boris Johnson
        
        etonian background but presented himself as anti-establishment
        
        detached working class voters from the labour party
        
        Levelling up initiative
        
        recognised socio-economic disparities
  - - - paternalistic
      - ‘the man in whitehall knows best’
    - - referred to citizens not class
      - ‘middle england’
        
        marginal constituencies in midlands that labour targeted
      - Stressed the need for meritocracy
      - Respectable vs unrespectable working class
        
        increasing conditionality of benefits system
        
        anti-social behaviour laws
      - policies
        
        Commitment to end child poverty
        
        Redistribution to working families
        
        Commitments to tackle health and educational inequalities
        
        sure start programmes
        
        offering deprived communities more support
        
        brought back under starmer
        
        national minimum wage implemented
    - - Frames himself in terms of his working class background
      - 92% of cabinet educated at comprehensive schools
      - 20% VAT on private schools
      - employment rights act
        
        upgrading protections for workers
      - but very fiscally conservative which constrains redistribution
- - - - bourgeoisie
        
        those who own means of production
      - Prolateriat
        
        those who don't own means of production
  - - - about a person's market position
      - someone can be exploited and exploit others
      - Class distinctions due to many different factions
        
        market position
        
        status
        
        political power
      - Class will eventually become more heterogeneity
        
        many different levels of class will form
  - - - cultural
        
        educational qualification
        
        acquisition of certain cultural tastes
      - economic
      - social
        
        networks
- - - - Decline of heavy industry
      - Expansion of non-manual workforce
      - Proletarianisation of white collar work
    - - rising standards of living
      - Increase in home ownership