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Electricity - Coggle Diagram
Electricity
6, Electirc quantities
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Description
Difference between the electrical energy
at two points in a circuit. Charge always
moves from the point with highest
energy to the point with lowest.
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- Representation and Symbol
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- Effects on elctric current
Heat – Joule Effect
• Electrons collide into atoms of the material as they flow,
converting part of the energy into heat. Long thin conductors have
more resistance to the flow of current, they produce
Light
• There are two ways to produce light: when the
temperature increases due to electric current
(incandescent/halogen bulbs) or when some gases react
to carrying electricity (fluorescent tubes
Motion
• Transform electrical energy into motion. Based on
attraction and repulsion between a magnet and
conductor wire in one or more loops.
• All matter is made of atoms . They are made up of
a nucleus composed of protons and neutrons and electrons that orbit around it with negative
charge .
• All matter is in general neutral ; it doesn’t have electric charge . This is because they usually have the same number of protons and electrons.
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• An electric circuit is a set of connected components through
which current circulates . Every circuit requires three key elements:
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• Formulated by Georg Ohm, this law expresses the proportional
relationship between voltage, current and resistance:
• Example : A bulb with 220 Ω connected to a 4,5 V battery has a current flowing
through it of 20 mA.
𝑉 = 𝐼 ∗ 𝑅 → 𝐼 =
𝑉
𝑅
=
4.5 𝑉
220 Ω
=0,02A=20mA
- Connection of the elements in an
electrical circuit
• The connection between any two electrical elements can be done in
two ways: series or parallel . The combination of both is known as
mixed
Series
Components in one
closed loop.
• Voltages add up
• Current the same
• Total Resistance:
𝑅𝑇 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + ⋯ + 𝑅n
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- Environmental impact of electricity
use
• Electricity can be obtained from non -renewable sources (fossil
fuels, uranium) which have the following impacts:
• Global warming . Burnt fossil fuels release carbon dioxide, raising the planet’s
temperature due to the greenhouse effect.
• Radioactive waste . Waste from nuclear plants remain radioactive for
thousands of years even if treated and sorted properly.
• Acid rain. Thermal power plants release sulfur and nitrogen dioxide which
become acid rain.
• Depletion of sources. They are limited and are running out.