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electricity - Coggle Diagram
electricity
Electric Current
Current flows when there is an electron imbalance between two points
Electric Current: continuous movement of electrons through a material.
There are two types
Conductors: allow current to flow.
Insulators: block current flow.
Electric Circuits: set of connected components through which current circulates. It requires three key elements.
Receptors: transform electrical energy into another type of energy like heat.
.
Switch: allows or prevents current from passing through.
Push Button: allows or prevents current from passing through for a certain time.
Control and protection elements: stop, start or change the direction of the electric current.
Bell
Resistor
Motor
Lightbulb and LED
Generators: provides the energy to move the electrons.
Battery: generates direct current.
Alternator: generates alternating current.
Electric Quantities
Current. Units: Amperes
Number of electrons that pass through a specific point in one second.
Resistance. Units: Ohms
Opposition of the components of a circuit to the flow of the electric current.
Voltage. Units: Volts
Difference between the electrical energy at two points in a circuit.
Effects on electric current: Electrons collide into atoms of the material as they flow, converting part of the energy into heat. Long thin conductors have more resistance so they produce more heat.
Light: there are two ways to produce light.
When the temperature increases due to electric current.
When some gases react
to carrying electricity.
Motion: transforms electrical energy into motion
There is an attraction and repulsion between a magnet and a conductor wire in one of more loops.
Environmental impact of electricity use
Electricity can be obtained from non-renewable sources which have the following impacts:
Radioactive waste
Acid rain.
Global warming
Depletion of sources.
Electricity can also be obtained from renewable sources (wind, solar, hydro) which have much less impact.
Electric charge
All matter is made of atoms. The atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons that orbit around it with negative charge.
The Ohm’s Law:
This law was formulated by Georg Ohm,
It expresses the proportional relationship between voltage, current and resistance.
Connection of the elements in an electrical circuit.
The connection between any two electrical elements
Series: Components in one
closed loop.
Current the same
Voltages add up
Total Resistance:
Parallel: Components share terminals
Currents add up
Voltage the same
Total Resistance:
The combination of both (series and paralel) is known as mixed.
