Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Osmoregulation & Endocrine System - Coggle Diagram
Osmoregulation & Endocrine System
Osmolarity
Osmolarity
Concentration of a liquid and how it affects another liquid, if concentration in osmoles per liter, based on concentration, how does it affect osmosis
Osmoconformer
Ex. Salmons take on whatever their environment is and live with it, they are born in fresh water, then go to sea in salt water, then go back to lay eggs in fresh water (Organism will adapt to environment in concentration)
Marine fish
take in salt in water and excrete salt through the gills to balance it out in their excretory system
Osmoregulator
Maintain a specific level temperature (consistent salt level)
Fresh water fish
take in water and get rid of water because they contain more water than marine animals
Anhydrobiosis
Live without water only found in tardigrade microscopic animals
Water follows salt, if you regulate the salt, you regulate the water
Nitrogenous Wastes
Nitrogenous Waste
Excreted by adding hydrogens, ammonia, urea, uric acid, that come from proteins and DNA in food we eat
Ammonia/H4
Contains ammonia and it's toxic (found in fish tanks when they pee)
Urea
Produced in body and turns into ammonia if let to sit, non-toxic and can stay in bladder without harming (mammals) (yellow color) the higher the protein diet is, the darker the pee is
Uric Acid
White paste, less toxic form of nitrogenous waste produced by birds (birds and reptiles)
Osmosis
Movement of water through semipermeable membrane from the side with less concentrated solute (more water) towards the side with less water and more solute
Urinary System
Tubular Theme
Filtration
Plasma to leave blood vessel to cup shaped bundle that fit through small holes
Reabsorption
Actively transport using ATP, keeping nutrients, ions, proteins, re-absorb them in the body (Proximal Convoluted Tubule)
Secretion
Throw waste product out the yellow tube that are excess and not needed in blood (Distal Convoluted Tubule)
Excretion
The filtrate/urine leaves the body (Collecting Duct)
Nephron
A structure found in the kidneys of humans, organized for stepwise processing of blood filtrate ( 4 steps)
Filtrate
Urine then goes to Proximal Convoluted Tubule and reabsorption occurs
Hormone Circuits
Link Kidney function, water balance, and blood pressure, (if more fluid found in blood the volume increases and pressure goes up)
Glomerelus
Bundle of capillaries (plasma will filter out) where filtration occurs
Loop of Henle
Reabsorb water, goes down the loop in the downward side of the loop reabsorb it, the side that giies up NACL (Salt) comes out
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Most secretion occurs
ADH/Antidiuretic hormone
Hormone that does the job to get back water inside the kidney (reduces amount of pee you produce)
Wate pill Inhibits and reduces ADH hormone to remove excess fluid in body like edema
RAAS
Set of hormones that start to produce Renin in response to blood pressure which triggers angiotensin and aldosterone to regulate blood pressure, occurs in collecting duct
ANP
Hormone that balances out RAAS and regulate blood pressure
Endocrine
Endocrine System
Occurs in blood, communication by chemicals through bloodstream EX. Testosterone, pancreas release insulin to bloodstream
Exocrine
Secrete chemicals outside the body or tubes that lead out the body EX. stomach acid, sweat, and pancreatic enzymes that aid digestion
Paracrine
Para= to the side, chemicals released by cells to communicate only to cells near each other (interferone)
Autocrine
Send chemical that affects itself (cell)
Communication Chemicals
Neurotransmitter
Chemical signals transported in cerebral spinal fluid
Hormone
Chemical messages in blood but mainly are used in neurotransmitters
Steroids
Lipid-based hormones not water soluble molecules
Polypeptides
Protein based hormone (water soluble) bigger
Amines
Amino Acids (part of protein) water soluble, work as messengers, smaller size
Hormone effects
Stimulation- start/increase cellular activity
Inhibition- stops/reduces cellular activity
Agonists- increases effect of a different hormone
Antagonists- hormone cancels out another hormone causing opposite effect