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Reproductive Physiology: Parturition and Lactation - Coggle Diagram
Reproductive Physiology: Parturition and Lactation
Parturition
giving birth to the baby
pregnancy
38-42 weeks long
stage 1
early
contractions are irregular and short
cervix dilated at 6 cm
active
more regular and longer contractions
cervix dilates to 10 cm
transition
most intense stage
contractions are longer, more intense and more frequent
cervix is fully dilated at 10 cm
stage 2
crowning = babies head begins to peak out
baby is born
can take 30 minutes to 12 hours
people who had multiple births take less time
stage 3
placenta is born
takes 5-30 minutes
uterus continues to contract to control bleeding
Recovery Stage (4)
uterus continues to contract to control bleeding
critical period for parent and baby bonding
Hormonal Control
functional progesterone withdrawal
metabolism of progesterone increases
less stimulation of receptors on muscle
inhibition of contractions is removed
increase in contractions
higher estrogen:progesterone
increases oxytocin receptors on the muscle
oxytocin can stimulate the muscle
oxytocin
increase expression of prostaglandins
directly stimulate the muscle to contract
ferguson reflex
oxytocin allows contraction of the uterus to push the fetus against the cervix
pressure against the cervix stimulates the release of oxytocin
increases contractions more
hypothalamus stimulates the posterior pituitary to release
prostaglandins
increase oxytocin receptors
Uterus and Cervix
gap junctions
allows for electrical signals to radiate through the uterus for
simultaneous contraction
sparse
allow the uterus to expand
release of hyaluronic acid
increase water and tissue softeness
cervix can get thinner
Lactation and Breast feeding
Prolactin
stimulates the breast to turn nutrients from blood into milk
colustrum -> fatty milk -> normal milk
oxytocin
stimulates the ejection of milk
inhibits dopamine to allow for milk release
triggered by
crying baby
baby sucking on nipple
thinking about baby
mammogenesis
formation of mammary glands
allows breast to become mature
by the third trimester
Benefits
reduces risk for allergens
helps the physical recovery from labour by
shrinking the uterus
stops post partum bleeding
breastfed babies have higehr IQ
reduces risk of necrotizing...
GI disease