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CHAPTER 44-45 - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 44-45
Endocrine glands respond to diverse stimuli in regulating homeostasis, development and behavior
Epinephrine and norepinephrine- secreted from adrenal medulla and coordinate fight-or-flight response.
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Growth hormone(GH)- stimulates bone and cartilage growth. excess can cause gigantism while lack can cause dwarfism.
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Excretory system
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Metanephridia- tubules that collect coelomic fluid and produce dilute urine for excretion. e.g earthworm
Malpighian tubules- remove nitrogenous wastes from hemolymph and function in osmoregulation. e.g Insects
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Nephrons are the functional units of the vertebrate kidney. Made up of cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons.
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Animals nitrogenous waste- Ammonia, urea and uric acid
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Uric acid- Non toxic and does not dissolve readily in water and more energetically expensive to produce than urea
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Hormonal circuits link kidney function, water balance and blood pressure
RAAS regulates blood pressure and volume and maintains body fluid osmolarity by stimulating sodium reabsorption
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) also called vasopressin is released from the posterior pituitary gland. Activates membrane receptors on collecting duct cells controlling water reabsorption.
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