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📘 UNIT 1: Fundamentals of Management by Objectives (MBO) - Coggle Diagram
📘 UNIT 1: Fundamentals of Management by Objectives (MBO)
🌿 1️⃣ Origin and Evolution of MBO
🔹 Characteristics:
Employee participation
Clear and measurable objectives
Break from traditional model
Results-oriented approach
🔹 Evolution:
Integration with strategic planning
Total quality
Continuous improvement
Use of technology
Agile methodologies
🌿 2️⃣ Essential Principles of MBO
Focus on measurable results
Participation in goal setting
Organizational alignment
Clear goals (SMART)
Evaluation and feedback
Shared responsibility
Integration of the administrative cycle
🌿 4️⃣ Participatory Approach in Goal Setting
Employee participation
Co-creation of objectives
Greater commitment
Realistic goals
Effective communication
Facilitative leadership
🌿 3️⃣ Difference Between Means and Ends
🔹 Example:
End → Increase participation
Means → Campaigns, training
🔹 Risk:Confusing activities with results
🌿 5️⃣ Alignment of Personal and Organizational Goals
Individual ↔ Organization relationship
Personal development
Work commitment
Productivity
Sense of purpose
🔹 Benefits:
Higher motivation
Better performance
Strong organizational culture