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Biology - Respiration - Coggle Diagram
Biology - Respiration
Response to Exercise
Muscles need energy from respiration to contract
exercise increases demand for energy
increased respiration
Increased Heart Rate
get oxygenated blood around body faster
remove CO2 quicker
Increased breathing rate
more oxygen into blood
Increase breathing volume
deeper breaths
more O2
Vigorous activity
body cannot supply oxygen to muscles
anaerobically respire
lactic acid build up
painful
Long periods
muscle fatigue
tired
stop contracting efficiently
Aerobic
Equation
glucose + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6 CO2
presence of oxygen
most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose
Mitochondria
Anaerobic in Muscles
without oxygen
incomplete breakdown of glucose
Equation
glucose -> lactic acid
less energy transferred
glucose not fully oxidised
Oxygen Debt
Amount of extra oxygen the body needs to remove lactic acid build up
oxygen + lactic acid -> CO2 + water
After exercise
breathing hard after stopping
more oxygen into blood
pulse and breathing rate stays high
high levels of lactic acid and CO2
Liver
blood transports lactic acid to liver
converted into glucose
Respiration
Happens continuously in every cell
Exothermic
energy transferred to the environment
supplies all energy needed for living processes
How organisms use energy
Build up larger molecules from smaller ones
amino acids -> proteins
Muscle contraction
movement
Keep warm
mammals
Metabolism
sum of all reactions that happen in a cell or organism
molecules are made or broken down
6 examples
Digestion and syntheses of
carbohydrates
sugars
lipids
glycerol and 3 fatty acids
proteins
amino acid
Glucose converted to
cellulose / starch in plants
glycogen in animals
glucose + nitrate ions -> amino acids -> proteins
Excess protein broken down
urea for excretion
Respiration
glucose broken down
Photosynthesis
plants and algae produce food using light
Anaerobic in Plants and Yeast
Equation
glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Yeast
Fermentation
Food and drink
Bread
CO2 makes it rise
Alcohol
beer
wine
INVESTIGATION
measure heart rate after
sitting down
gentle walking
slow jogging
running
pulse increase with more intense activity
more O2 to muscles
more CO2 away