Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Reproductive System P.3 Giselle Gonzalez - Coggle Diagram
Reproductive System P.3 Giselle Gonzalez
Major functions of the Reproductive system
Male
Produce sperm (spermatogenesis)
in testes
Transport sperm through ducts
(epididymis → vas deferens → urethra)
Deliver sperm into female reproductive tract
Secrete testosterone
→during puberty controls male traits such as voice, muscle growth, etc...
Female
Produce eggs (oogenesis)
in ovaries
Fallopian tubes:
site of fertilization and where egg transports to the uterus.
Uterus is where baby grows, Support embryo/fetal development
Produce estrogen & progesterone which helps regulate cycle & pregnancy
endometrium sheds during the menstrual cycle
Anatomy of male reproductive structures
Penis
Contains urethra → carries semen out of body
Scrotum
Holds testes
Keeps temperature lower for sperm production
Testes
Produce sperm in seminiferous tubules
Produce testosterone
Vas deferens
Transports sperm during ejaculation
Seminal vesicles
Add fructose-rich fluid (energy for sperm)
Prostate gland
Adds alkaline fluid → protects sperm from acidity
Bulbourethral glands
Release mucus → lubricates urethra
Urethra
Final passageway for semen
Anatomy of female reproductive structures
Ovary
- produces eggs (ova) and secretes estrogen and progesterone
Fallopian Tubes:
pathway for eggs to move towards uterus, where fertialization occurs here
Uterus
muscle organ that houses the egg if fertilized
Endometrium:
lining of the uterus that thickens and degrades during cycle.
Cervix:
narrow opening between uterus and vagina,
Vagina
: birth canal, recieves sperm
Hormones of the reproductive system
:
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
Stimulates follicle growth in ovaries
Stimulates sperm production in males
LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
Triggers ovulation (release of egg)
Stimulates testosterone production in males
Estrogen
Develops female secondary sex characteristics
Causes thickening of endometrium
Progesterone
Maintains uterine lining for pregnancy
Prevents further ovulation during pregnancy
Testosterone
Develops male traits
Essential for sperm production
Events of the female hormonal cycles
Menstrual Phase (Days 1–5):
Endometrium sheds → menstruation
Estrogen & progesterone levels LOW
Follicular Phase (Days 1–13):
FSH stimulates follicle growth
Estrogen increases → rebuilds uterine lining
Ovulation (Day ~14):
LH surge causes release of mature egg
Egg travels into fallopian tube
Luteal Phase (Days 15–28):
Corpus luteum forms → releases progesterone
Uterus prepares for implantation
If no fertilization → hormone levels drop → cycle restarts
Disorders associated with the reproductive system
Trichomoniasis
Caused by a parasite
Leads to itching, irritation, abnormal discharge
Treatable with medication
Herpes (HSV-1 / HSV-2)
Causes painful blisters/sores
Remains in body for life
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
Attacks immune system
Can lead to AIDS if untreated
Methods and Classification of contraceptives
Barrier Methods:
Condoms
Block sperm from reaching egg
Also protect against STIs
Hormonal Methods:
Birth control pills, patch, shot
Prevent ovulation
Thicken cervical mucus
Surgical Methods:
Vasectomy
Cuts vas deferens → no sperm in semen
Tubal ligation
Blocks fallopian tubes
Natural Methods:
Abstinence
100% effective
Fertility awareness
Avoid intercourse during ovulation