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THE INTERNET, ELECTRONIC MAIL, REAL TIME-COMMUNICATION - Coggle Diagram
THE INTERNET
Communication is sharing information. It has four elements: interlocutors, messages, means and codes. In ICT, computers are the means and protocols are the codes.
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
COMPUTER NETWORKS
A network is a group of connected computers that share files, information and devices. It includes servers (main computers), terminals, cables, routers and programs. Networks allow users to send, receive and store information efficiently.
OPTIONS TO TRANSMITE INFORMATION
Copy them onto a CD and send it by post.
Print them and send them by post or fax.
Ask the other person to come to your computer to see the information.
Connect your computer to the other person's computer and transmit the information directly.
ELEMENTS OF A NETWORK
Server and Terminals
Network Interface Card
Transmission Means
Control Element
Programs
INTERCONNECTED NETWORKS
An interconnected network or a network of networks is two or more networks connected together to form a system.
Interconnected networks can be in very different places, depending on where we want to connect.
What should we do if we want to be connected to many networks all over the world? Interconnect them all through a
telephone line.
THE INTERNET
The Internet is a global network of networks that connects millions of computers worldwide. Each website has a domain name like .com, .org or .es. Domains can show the type of organisation or the country of the website.
TYPES OF DOMAINS
-Organisational Domains
Examples:
edu educational institution
gov governmental institution
Geographic Domains
Examples:
es Spain
uk United Kingdom
us United States
INTERNET SERVICES
There are many services such as web pages, blogs, wikis, email, social networks, chats and videoconferences. These services allow communication, sharing information and working online. Some also include multimedia like videos, images and sound.
VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES AND SOCIAL NETWORKS
A virtual community is a group of people who communicate and have a relationship in a virtual space, like the Internet,
instead of a physical space.
Social networks have evolved from virtual communities. They are online communities where people from all over the world
are in contact for a particular reason.
FINDING INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET
Search engines help find information on the Internet. Users write keywords and get many results. They can use operators or AI tools to get better answers.
SEARCH ENGINES
AI-POWERED SEARCH
In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized how we search for information. AI-powered search tools can
understand natural language questions and provide more accurate, contextual answers.
DICTIONARIES
WIKIPEDIA
PORTALS
To access the Internet you need a computer connected to a server that has a connection to all other web servers.
To connect to the Internet you need:
to set up a connection with an Internet provider.
programs that use the protocols used on the Internet.
To open an account:
You need to give your details to the access provider.
The provider gives you a user name and a password.
You use the user name and password to identify yourself each time you log on.
INTERNET CONNECTIONS AND BROWSERS
BROWSERS
To access the Internet you need a computer connected to a server that has a connection to all other web servers.
To connect to the Internet you need:
to set up a connection with an Internet provider.
programs that use the protocols used on the Internet.
To open an account:
You need to give your details to the access provider.
The provider gives you a user name and a password.
You use the user name and password to identify yourself each time you log on.
ELECTRONIC MAIL
Electronic mail, or email, has many similarities to normal postal mail:
a sender
a recipient
a message
a mailbox where the messages are sent
another mailbox where they're received
The difference is that in the traditional postal service the message is transported physically, while in electronic mail it's
transferred electronically through an Internet server.
To use email you need to create an account with an email provider.
They are divided into three categories:
Sender and recipients are defined by user names, chosen by each user. They can be the person's real name or something else.
The sender and the recipient must have an email address where they can be found. Email addresses have to be unique
for each user and consist of a username and the server separated by the symbol @ (at) plus the generic top-level domain name.
Outboxes and inboxes are spaces on the email provider's computer (server) where the outgoing messages are sent from
and where the incoming messages are stored.
EMAIL ELEMENTS
TYPES OF MAIL
Web mail
POP mail
REAL TIME-COMMUNICATION
Chats: Instant text communication; can be professional (Slack, Teams, Discord) or web-based (Google, Yahoo). Users use nicknames and emojis.
Videoconferences: Real-time voice and video communication (Zoom, Teams, Meet). Used for meetings, classes, and events; requires good internet.
Online Documents: Create, edit, and share files from anywhere (Google Docs). Great for group projects and collaboration.
