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A Tour of the Cell (Ch.6) : - Coggle Diagram
A Tour of the Cell (Ch.6) :
Studying cells with microscope and biochemistry: Eukaryotic cells (6.1 & 6.2)
light microscope
Transmission electron microscopes (TEMs)
3D image
internal cellular structure
through glass lenses
Scanning electron microscopes (SEMs)
Visible light is passed
beam of electrons
Parameters
Contrast
parts of the sample
Visible differences in brightness
Resolution
two distinguishable points
minimum distance
measure of the clarity of the image
magnification
ratio of an object
image size to it real size
cell fractionation
take cell part
the majors organelles from one another
centrifuges fractional cells
organelles
membrane-enclosed structures
pro
no membrane-bound organelle
Small
more simplistic
Eukaryotes
membrane-bound organelles
larger
more complex
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
plasma membrane
Selective barrier
allow sufficient passage of oxygen, nutrients, and waste
Service the volume of every cell
semifluid substance called cytosol
semifluid portion
Cytoplasm
chromosome
nucleus
DNA is organized into discrete units
Ribosomes
Complexes
ribosomal
Nucleus houses genetic instructions; ribosomes carry them out & endomembrane system
(6.3 & 6.4)
The Nucleus
Nucleus
Cell's genes
most conspicuos organelle
Nuclear envelope
encloses the nucleus
separates the cytoplasm
Nuclear lamina
Composed of proteins
the shape of the nucleus
Nucleolus
located in the nucleus
ribosomal RNA synthesis
(rRNA)
Endomembrane system
nuclear envelope
FedEx of the cell packages delivers
nucleus in eukaryotic cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
network of membranes
within the cytoplasm
total membrane in many eukaryotic cells
Golgi apparatus
modifies product of the ER
Vacuoles
large vesicles
variety of functions
kind of cells
sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles
Lysosomes
membrane-bound organelles
digestive enzymes
trash can for the cell
Vacuoles
membrane-bounded vesicles
growth, storage, and maintaining turgor pressure
Plasma membrane
chemical composition
communication and transport
cell and its environment
Endoplasmine Reticulum
Smooth ER
lipid synthesis
detoxify toxins
Rough ER
Contain ribosomes
transport (Vessicles)
ATP (energy to occur)
phagocytosis
forms a food vacuole
Cell eating
pinocytosis
fluid into tiny vesicles
cell "drinking"
Vacuoles
Contractile vacuoles
freshwater protist
pump excess water out of cells
Central vacuoles
mature plant cell
solution called sap
Mitochondria and chloroplasts & organizes structures and activities in the cell :cytoskeleton (6.5 & 6.6)
Change of energy
Mitochondria
sited of ATP production
req for cellular respiration
present in animal T plant cell
chloroplasts
plants and algae
sites of photosynthesis
Thylakoids
membranes sacs
granum
Stroma
internal fluid
endosymbiont theory
early ancestor of eukaryotes
oxygen-using nonphotosynthetic
prokaryotic cell
elationship with the
host cell
endosymbiont
oxidation
peroxisomes
specialized metabolic components
single membrane
motor proteins
produce cell motility
inside the cell
cytoskeleton
microtubules
thickest
three compounds
microfilaments
actin filaments
thinnest components
intermediate
fibers w/ diameter
middle range
Extracellular components & A cell is greater than the sum of its parts (6.7 & 6.8)
Animal cells
extracellular matrix (ECM)
Collagen
glycoprotein
forms strong fibers
connective tissue and bone
abundant protein in the animal kingdom
proteoglycans
large molecule consisting of a small core protein
carbohydrate chains attached
95 percent carbohydrate
fibronectin
receptor proteins
plasma membrane
interns
epithelial tissues
tight junctions
membrane of neighboring cells
pressed together,
preventing leakage of
extracellular fluid
Desmosomes
(anchoring junctions)
fasten cells
together
Gap junctions
(communicating junctions)
provide
cytoplasmic channels
adjacent cells
Animation
