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chronic inflammation, autoimmune disorders part 1, Primary…

- - - - plasma cells
  - - - TH1
        
        IL-2 and CD8+ activator
      - TH2
        
        IL-4 and IL-5
        
        B cell class switching
      - CD4+ cells MHC 2 (2 X 4 = 8)
        
        TCR + MHC
        
        2nd signal: B7 and CD28
        
        release cytokines
    - - cd8+ cells
        
        CD3 and phagocytosis. MHCI (1X8 = 8)
      - CD8
        
        bind to MHC I
        
        2nd signal: IL-2 from TH
        
        release perforins and granzyme
        
        induce apoptosis with FAS/FASL activation
    - - TCR on T cells which bind on MHCs
  - - - fungi
        
        non nuclei in the center, cell death viewed
        
        AFB STAIN (TB)
    - - reaction of foreign material, sarcoidosis, beryllium exposure, crohn disease cat scratch disease
      - more pink
    - - macrophage mhc ii cd4_
        
        giant cells
        
        t helper cells cd4+
        
        il12 and IFN-Y
    - - defining characteristic
- - - - centeral tolerance
        
        Double positive T cells
        
        positive selection
        
        single positive T cells
        
        Negative selection
        
        in the medulla
        
        cells being destroyed by macrophages and Dendritic cells if destroyed
        
        Stem cells
        
        ++
        
        2 more items...
        
        in the cortex
        
        central tolerance in the bone marrow
        
        RAG genes are involved in the activation of antibodies.
      - peripheral tolerance
        
        TCR + MHC II
        
        CD28 + B7
        
        if not present
        
        TRAG--> prevents the second signaling
        
        anergy
- - - - polyendrocrine disorders
- - - - women
- - - - 6 months of life/live vaccines avoided
- - - - AFB stain for TB
  - - - sarcodosis, berrylilium
  - - - macrophages become giant cells
- - - - induce apoptosis with FAS and FASL
- - - - constant regeneration
        
        scar formation
    - - usually guiescent, unless they enter
    - - no regenerative capability
  - - - zinc deficiency