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Immune Cells - Coggle Diagram

- - - - How do they help the adaptive immune system?
        
        They are antigen-presenting cells using MHC class II molecules, and are effectors in humoral (B Cell) and cell-mediated (T Cell) adaptive immunity.
  - - - What triggers M1 activation?
        
        Signals like IFN-γ and microbial products (e.g. LPS)
  - - - What triggers M2 activation?
        
        IL-4 and IL-13
- - - - How do they help fight parasites?
        
        They recuit eosinophils and enhance IgE-mediated immunity.
  - - - What happens when they degranulate?
        
        They rapidly release histamine and other mediators into surrounding tissues.
- - - - How long do monocytes circulate before entering tissues?
        
        Around 1-3 days
- - - - What other signals activate them?
        
        Complement fragments (C3a, C5a) and certain cytokines.
- - - - What do they differentaite into?
        
        T killer cells
  - - - What does perforin do?
        
        Forms pres in the target-cell membrane
      - What does granzymes do?
        
        Enter through the pores annd trigger apoptosis.
    - - How does it work?
        
        T killer cells express Fas ligand, which binds to Fas on target cells to induce apoptosis